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Special Issue "The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q"

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2023 | Viewed by 5980

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Prof. Dr. Plácido Navas

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Guest Editor

Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and CIBERER, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: mitochondria; mitochondria diseases; mitochondria aging; coenzyme Q biosynthesis; coenzyme Q10; aging in mice; dietary fat; coenzime Q deficiency

Dr. Luca Tiano

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Guest Editor

Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DISVA), Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
Interests: oxidative stress, ageing, mitochondrial dysfunction, bioactive quinones, Coenzyme Q10
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to the 10^th Conference of the International Coenzyme Q₁₀ Association to be held under a hybrid format at Beiersdorf Auditorium, Hamburg, from 12 to 15 May 2022 (https://icqaproject.org/). We are looking forward to seeing you at this event. This Special Issue will publish selected papers based on the new discoveries presented during the meeting, and will include the insights and perspectives on:

Coenzyme Q in bioenergetics, including electron transport chain structure as well as mitochondrial ROS damage and signaling.
Biosynthesis and its defects in disease onset and progression.
Neurological effects of disrupting CoQ homeostasis.
Skin response to CoQ supplementation.
Prooxidant vs. antioxidant functions of coenzyme Q.
Mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial CoQ in health- and lifespan.

We expect that this conference will present new and exciting developments on the role of coenzyme Q in health and disease, as well as new insights into its biosynthesis pathway. The Scientific Committee cordially welcomes you, and we look forward to your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Plácido Navas
Dr. Luca Tiano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Coenzyme Q
CoQ homeostasis
CoQ supplementation
Mitochondrial
ROS

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

CoQ₁₀Phytosomes Improve Cellular Ubiquinone Uptake in Skeletal Muscle Cells: An Ex Vivo Study Using CoQ₁₀-Enriched Low-Density Lipoproteins Obtained in a Randomized Crossover Study

Giovanna Petrangolini

Francesca Orsini

and

Luca Tiano

Antioxidants 2023, 12(4), 964; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040964 - 20 Apr 2023

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Abstract

Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) bioavailability in vivo is limited due to its lipophilic nature. Moreover, a large body of evidence in the literature shows that muscle CoQ₁₀ uptake is limited. In order to address cell specific differences in CoQ uptake, we compared cellular CoQ₁₀ content in cultured human dermal fibroblasts and murine skeletal muscle cells that were incubated with lipoproteins from healthy volunteers and enriched with different formulations of CoQ₁₀ following oral supplementation. Using a crossover design, eight volunteers were randomized to supplement 100 mg/daily CoQ₁₀ for two weeks, delivered both in phytosome form (UBQ) as a lecithin formulation and in CoQ₁₀ crystalline form. After supplementation, plasma was collected for CoQ₁₀ determination. In the same samples, low density lipoproteins (LDL) were extracted and normalized for CoQ₁₀ content, and 0.5 µg/mL in the medium were incubated with the two cell lines for 24 h. The results show that while both formulations were substantially equivalent in terms of plasma bioavailability in vivo, UBQ-enriched lipoproteins showed a higher bioavailability compared with crystalline CoQ₁₀-enriched ones both in human dermal fibroblasts (+103%) and in murine skeletal myoblasts (+48%). Our data suggest that phytosome carriers might provide a specific advantage in delivering CoQ₁₀ to skin and muscle tissues. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q)

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Open AccessArticle

CoQ Regulates Brown Adipose Tissue Respiration and Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression

Ching-Fang Chang

Amanda L. Gunawan

Irene Liparulo

Peter-James H. Zushin

Ambre M. Bertholet

Yuriy Kirichok

and

Andreas Stahl

Antioxidants 2023, 12(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12010014 - 22 Dec 2022

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Abstract

Coenzyme Q (CoQ, aka ubiquinone) is a key component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) and membrane-incorporated antioxidant. CoQ10 deficiencies encompass a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical phenotypes and can be caused by hereditary mutations in the biosynthesis pathway or result from pharmacological interventions such as HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors, and statins, which are widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent cardiovascular disease. How CoQ deficiency affects individual tissues and cell types, particularly mitochondrial-rich ones such as brown adipose tissue (BAT), has remained poorly understood. Here we show that pharmacological and genetic models of BAT CoQ deficiency show altered respiration that can only in part be explained by classical roles of CoQ in the respiration chain. Instead, we found that CoQ strongly impacts brown and beige adipocyte respiration via the regulation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. CoQ deficiency in BAT robustly decreases UCP1 protein levels and uncoupled respiration unexpectedly, resulting in increased inner mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ADP/ATP ratios. Suppressed UCP1 expression was also observed in a BAT-specific in vivo model of CoQ deficiency and resulted in enhanced cold sensitivity. These findings demonstrate an as yet unappreciated role of CoQ in the transcriptional regulation of key thermogenic genes and functions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q)

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Open AccessArticle

Assessing Cellular Uptake of Exogenous Coenzyme Q₁₀ into Human Skin Cells by X-ray Fluorescence Imaging

and

Antioxidants 2022, 11(8), 1532; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081532 - 06 Aug 2022

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Abstract

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging is a highly sensitive non-invasive imaging method for detection of small element quantities in objects, from human-sized scales down to single-cell organelles, using various X-ray beam sizes. Our aim was to investigate the cellular uptake and distribution of Q₁₀, a highly conserved coenzyme with antioxidant and bioenergetic properties. Q₁₀ was labeled with iodine (I₂-Q₁₀) and individual primary human skin cells were scanned with nano-focused beams. Distribution of I₂-Q₁₀ molecules taken up inside the screened individual skin cells was measured, with a clear correlation between individual Q₁₀ uptake and cell size. Experiments revealed that labeling Q₁₀ with iodine causes no artificial side effects as a result of the labeling procedure itself, and thus is a perfect means of investigating bioavailability and distribution of Q₁₀ in cells. In summary, individual cellular Q₁₀ uptake was demonstrated by XRF, opening the path towards Q₁₀ multi-scale tracking for biodistribution studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

How the Disruption of Mitochondrial Redox Signalling Contributes to Ageing

Beatriz Castejon-Vega

Mario D. Cordero

and

Alberto Sanz

Antioxidants 2023, 12(4), 831; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040831 - 29 Mar 2023

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Abstract

In the past, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were considered a byproduct of cellular metabolism. Due to the capacity of mtROS to cause oxidative damage, they were proposed as the main drivers of ageing and age-related diseases. Today, we know that mtROS are cellular messengers instrumental in maintaining cellular homeostasis. As cellular messengers, they are produced in specific places at specific times, and the intensity and duration of the ROS signal determine the downstream effects of mitochondrial redox signalling. We do not know yet all the processes for which mtROS are important, but we have learnt that they are essential in decisions that affect cellular differentiation, proliferation and survival. On top of causing damage due to their capacity to oxidize cellular components, mtROS contribute to the onset of degenerative diseases when redox signalling becomes dysregulated. Here, we review the best-characterized signalling pathways in which mtROS participate and those pathological processes in which they are involved. We focus on how mtROS signalling is altered during ageing and discuss whether the accumulation of damaged mitochondria without signalling capacity is a cause or a consequence of ageing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q)

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Special Issue "The Ubiquitous and Multifaceted Coenzyme Q"

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