Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 6950

Special Issue Editors

Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
Interests: analysis and research methods applied to complex matrices of nutraceutical interest; enhancement of matrices of the Mediterranean diet for the treatment of preschool pediatric obesity; enhancement of matrices of the Mediterranean diet for the treatment of endometriosis; SAR and 3D-QSAR design; synthesis and characterization (GC MS, H NMR, FT) of molecules with potential pharmacological activity; development of advanced methodologies in pharmaceutical analysis; analytical separation of newly synthesized molecules and biomolecules via U-HPLC and HPLC; project-based learning
Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli studi Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: natural product chemistry
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing number of scientific studies conducted to demonstrate the functional and healthy properties of pools of bioactive molecules extracted from plant matrices and their waste is now known. In particular, scientific studies provide strong evidence that polyphenols are involved in different pathways favoring a potential beneficial effect on diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, blood pressure, and blood sugar and associated complications (oxidative stress and inflammation). However, despite an exorbitant number of research, overall, the evidence provided to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between polyphenols and their health effect is not sufficient.

In this Special Issue, we invite the scientific community (chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, drug chemists, and toxicologists) to provide original papers, clinical reports, and review articles to understand and rationalize the potential beneficial effects of polyphenols on consumer health.

The focus of this Special Issue is to gather interdisciplinary expertise with the aim of building factual understanding that can be translated through industrial work into health benefits.

Dr. Marilena Muraglia
Dr. Filomena Corbo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome (MetS)
  • multi-target
  • polypharmacology
  • prevention
  • polyphenols
  • antioxidants
  • anti-inflammation
  • ageing
  • cancer
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • mediterranean diet
  • health claim
  • human studies
  • green extraction
  • metabolomic
  • experimental design
  • nutrition

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1892 KiB  
Article
Identification of Oxidative-Stress-Reducing Plant Extracts from a Novel Extract Library—Comparative Analysis of Cell-Free and Cell-Based In Vitro Assays to Quantitate Antioxidant Activity
by Mara Heckmann, Verena Stadlbauer, Ivana Drotarova, Theresa Gramatte, Michaela Feichtinger, Verena Arnaut, Stefanie Atzmüller, Bettina Schwarzinger, Clemens Röhrl, Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer and Julian Weghuber
Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030297 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1191
Abstract
Numerous underexplored plant species are believed to possess considerable potential in combating oxidative stress and its associated health impacts, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive methodological screening approach to assess their antioxidant capacity. This study investigated 375 plant extracts, utilizing both cell-free and [...] Read more.
Numerous underexplored plant species are believed to possess considerable potential in combating oxidative stress and its associated health impacts, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive methodological screening approach to assess their antioxidant capacity. This study investigated 375 plant extracts, utilizing both cell-free and cellular methods to evaluate their antioxidant properties. Target-based antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Cell-based assays employed the H2DCF-DA probe to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the Griess assay to quantify nitric oxide (NO) levels in stressed Caco-2 and RAW264.7 cells, respectively. The highest TPC and FRAP values were found in extracts of Origanum vulgare and Fragaria × ananassa leaves. Several plant extracts significantly reduced stress-induced ROS or NO levels by at least 30%. Distinctive selectivity was noted in certain extracts, favoring the significant reduction of NO (e.g., Helianthus tuberosus extract), of ROS (e.g., Prunus domestica subsp. Syriaca extract), or of both (e.g., Fragaria × ananassa leaf extract). A strong correlation between TPC and FRAP values and moderate correlations between the results of the cell-free and cell-based assays were evident. These findings highlight the great antioxidant potential of underexplored plant extracts and the diversity of the underlying mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of a multifaceted approach for a comprehensive assessment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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16 pages, 3963 KiB  
Article
Saponins of Tomato Extract Improve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Lipid Homeostasis
by Ziming Yang, Li Zhang, Jinlei Liu, Albert S. C. Chan and Dianpeng Li
Antioxidants 2023, 12(10), 1848; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12101848 - 12 Oct 2023
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Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and [...] Read more.
The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and fatty liver disease. Moreover, the mechanistic studies have demonstrated that STE delivers its effects by activating adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby suppressing downstream protein expression associated with fatty acid synthesis. In such conditions, lipid metabolism can be improved. Simultaneously, STE enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and entry into the nucleus and initiated the transcription of downstream antioxidant factors, thereby relieving oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet and lowering oxidative damage to the liver. Such results imply that the administration of STE can be regarded as a viable treatment option for NAFLD, providing a mechanism that can regulate the AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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Review

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46 pages, 2056 KiB  
Review
Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases
by Giovanni Martemucci, Giuseppe Fracchiolla, Marilena Muraglia, Roberta Tardugno, Roberta Savina Dibenedetto and Angela Gabriella D’Alessandro
Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2091; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122091 - 08 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2380
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome’s involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants in Fruits and Vegetables)
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