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Animals
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Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction
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Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Reproduction".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 10897

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Juan Carlos Gardón Poggi

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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary and Experimental Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain
Interests: animal physiology; reproduction physiology; reproduction; gametes under in vitro conditions; ultrasound; applied biotechnologies.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Salvador Ruiz López

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: physiology and biotechnology of reproduction in domestic mammal species; pig and bovine reproduction; development and validation of ARTs (OPU, IVP, cryopreservation); development of new activities in reproductive biotechnology for obtaining healthy animals through ARTs based on physiological conditions and in the generation of CRISPR-Cas9 transgenic animals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Reproductive success is a very important objective for animal species intended for production or sport. For this reason, many interesting studies have been carried out over the years to clarify, solve or explain various aspects of animal reproduction. Accordingly, different biotechnologies have been developed to improve reproductive efficiency or to understand the different physiological processes involved. In addition, reproductive biotechnologies have helped to understand many of the physiological events that occur in male and female reproduction in mammals. Therefore, there are several strategies in different animal species that enhance reproductive responses that should be considered. Biotechnologies such as estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, gamete preservation, in vitro fertilization, ultrasound diagnosis, or hormone determination are alternative tools to study the physiology of the reproductive process or to improve the reproductive management of animals.

Prof. Dr. Juan Carlos Gardón Poggi
Prof. Dr. Salvador Ruiz López
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reproductive physiology
  • gametes
  • in vitro embryo production
  • reproductive ultrasound
  • artificial insemination
  • embryo transfer

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 345 KiB  
Article
Bull Semen Obtained on Beef Farms by Electroejaculation: Sperm Quality in the First Two Hours of Storing with Different Extenders and Holding Temperatures
by Santiago Pernas, Aitor Fernandez-Novo, Clara Barrajon-Masa, Patricia Mozas, Natividad Pérez-Villalobos, Bárbara Martín-Maldonado, Agustín Oliet, Susana Astiz and Sonia S. Pérez-Garnelo
Animals 2023, 13(9), 1561; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13091561 - 06 May 2023
Viewed by 3478
Abstract
Sperm quality decreases over time, so bull semen may need to be preserved after field collection. However, the effect of handling such semen samples from commercial farms and placing them in very short–term storage has not been elucidated. Therefore, ejaculate from 25 bulls [...] Read more.
Sperm quality decreases over time, so bull semen may need to be preserved after field collection. However, the effect of handling such semen samples from commercial farms and placing them in very short–term storage has not been elucidated. Therefore, ejaculate from 25 bulls from 1 dairy and 14 beef cattle farms were collected under farm conditions and evaluated for semen quality during the first two hours after collection. Two commercial extenders (AndroMed® and BIOXcell®) and two different storage temperatures (5 °C and room temperature) were used to evaluate the influence on semen quality and sperm kinetics in ejaculates grouped into three evaluation times, based on time since collection (Time 1: <75 min, n = 7; Time 2: 75–105 min, n = 11; and Time 3: 105–120 min, n = 7). Classical semen parameters, sperm motion kinetics by CASA and colony-forming units were assessed. The differences between both extenders in curvilinear and straight–line velocities (VCL and VSL) for the different time groups (Time 2 and Time 3) were statistically significant for p < 0.05. AndroMed® showed lower VSL, straightness and linearity in sperm compared to BIOXcell® (p < 0.05). In conclusion, AndroMed® induced more curvilinear movement, while BIOXcell® stimulated straighter motility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction)
10 pages, 1597 KiB  
Article
Restoration of Developmental Competence in Low-Quality Porcine Cumulus–Oocyte Complexes through the Supplementation of Sonic Hedgehog Protein during In Vitro Maturation
by Pil-Soo Jeong, Hyo-Gu Kang, Bong-Seok Song, Sun-Uk Kim, Bo-Woong Sim and Sanghoon Lee
Animals 2023, 13(6), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061001 - 09 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1295
Abstract
The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is an important signaling pathway for mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis and oocyte maturation. A previous study demonstrated that low-quality porcine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) have low developmental competence, with lower SHH signaling protein expression before and after in vitro maturation [...] Read more.
The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is an important signaling pathway for mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis and oocyte maturation. A previous study demonstrated that low-quality porcine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) have low developmental competence, with lower SHH signaling protein expression before and after in vitro maturation (IVM) than high-quality COCs. However, there is no reported evidence on the restorative effects of SHH protein supplementation during the IVM of low-quality porcine COCs. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of SHH protein supplementation on the IVM of low-quality porcine COCs, as assessed by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) staining. To examine this, we designed four groups: (i) BCB− (low-quality), (ii) BCB− + SHH, (iii) BCB+ (high-quality), and (iv) BCB+ + SHH. While the supplementation of SHH protein with high-quality COCs had no effect, supplementation with low-quality COCs significantly improved cumulus cell expansion, metaphase II rate, and subsequent embryo development following parthenogenetic activation. Our results provide the first evidence that the low developmental competence of low-quality porcine COCs can be improved by supplementation with the SHH protein. These results indicate that an active SHH signaling pathway is required for the acquisition of developmental competence in porcine COCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction)
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18 pages, 3244 KiB  
Article
Ultrasonography of Pregnancy in Murciano-Granadina Goat Breed: Fetal Growth Indices and Umbilical Artery Doppler Parameters
by David Ramírez-González, Ángel Poto, Begoña Peinado, Laura Almela, Sergio Navarro-Serna and Salvador Ruiz
Animals 2023, 13(4), 618; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13040618 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3661
Abstract
The evolution of some fetal growth indices and arterial blood flow parameters in the umbilical cord of the embryos and fetuses of primiparous pregnant goats of Murciano-Granadina breed were analyzed by ultrasonography. Weekly ultrasonographic sessions took place from 18- to 125-days post-breeding. Fetal [...] Read more.
The evolution of some fetal growth indices and arterial blood flow parameters in the umbilical cord of the embryos and fetuses of primiparous pregnant goats of Murciano-Granadina breed were analyzed by ultrasonography. Weekly ultrasonographic sessions took place from 18- to 125-days post-breeding. Fetal measures were carried out by ultrasound B-mode. This mode was used to take a series of measurements in the embryo/fetus throughout pregnancy: crown-rump length (CRL, from 24-days post-mating -dpm- to 61 dpm), trunk diameter (TD, 24–34 dpm), biparietal diameter (BPD, 28–125 dpm) and eye orbit diameter (EOD, 75–125 dpm). Spectral Doppler was used to study blood flow from umbilical artery. Different blood flow parameters were obtained as follows: Arterial Pulse, Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV), End Diastolic Velocity (EDV), Mean Velocity (MV), Systolic velocity/Diastolic velocity Ratio (S/D), Pulsatility Index (PI) and Resistance Index (RI). In this study, the umbilical cord was first noticed between 32- and 35-days post-breeding. However, these umbilical arterial blood flow parameters were not conclusive (positive S/D ratios and RI < 1) until 65–80 days of pregnancy. The explanation to these results could be that vascular development related to umbilical arteries elasticity and diameter is not good enough in early pregnancy. Therefore, these vessels have already acquired their appropriate characteristics in order to allow blood flow parameters and Doppler index measures from only 2.5 months of pregnancy. This is the first time that a detailed study of fetal growth indices and umbilical artery flow rates in fetuses from Murciano-Granadina goats has been performed throughout virtually the entire duration of gestation. In conclusion, the evolution of the fetal growth indices in this breed has determined that the umbilical artery velocimetric parameters (PSV, EDV, MV) increase significantly and the AP, S/D, PI and RI indices decrease significantly throughout the analyzed pregnancy period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction)
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14 pages, 320 KiB  
Article
Post-Thaw Quality of Spermatozoa Frozen with Three Different Extenders in the Murciano Granadina Goat Breed
by Sonia Galián, Begoña Peinado, Laura Almela, Ángel Poto and Salvador Ruiz
Animals 2023, 13(2), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13020309 - 16 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1739
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) with frozen semen in goats still presents serious difficulties, especially in certain goat breeds, in spite of technological progress. The aim of this work is the in vitro study of seminal extenders adapted from those used on other species to [...] Read more.
Artificial insemination (AI) with frozen semen in goats still presents serious difficulties, especially in certain goat breeds, in spite of technological progress. The aim of this work is the in vitro study of seminal extenders adapted from those used on other species to evaluate the response of goat sperm to several homeostatic conditions in order to achieve optimal post-thaw semen quality. Three different extenders based on different activity principles were used: (1) extender according to the methodology proposed for pigs, (2) skimmed-milk-based extender according to the methodology proposed for goats in France, and (3) a new egg-yolk-based extender replacing membrane-protective surfactants with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and named by our team as extender “IMIDA”. The freezing guidelines were those proposed for the freezing of porcine semen. The results obtained show that the egg-yolk-based extenders have good parameters of sperm motility at thawing, studied objectively using the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system and also subjectively. In particular, in the sperm resistance test after five hours, the thawed sperm containing SDS in their composition showed an optimal average on every evaluated parameter. The new IMIDA extender provided the highest sperm quality averages, so it could be a good extender to use in cryopreservation of semen in the caprine species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Second Edition of Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction)
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