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Animals
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Different Additives in Aquatic Animal Diets to Mitigate Stress
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Different Additives in Aquatic Animal Diets to Mitigate Stress

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2023) | Viewed by 4303

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ann-Chang Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
Interests: aquatic animal nutrition and feeding; eco-friendly aquaculture; aquaculture breeding; fishery and electricity symbiosis
Dr. Hsiang-Chieh Chuang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
Interests: aquaculture; aquaculture management; physiology; viral fish pathology; molecular biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The additives are the essential compound of aquatic animal diets. The use of additives in aquatic animal diets plays a vital role in raising growth, physiological metabolism and immunity, etc., even though the portions added in aquatic animal diets are minor. In addition to being used as raw material improvers or preservations, they are also considered functional additives. The use of the foremost feed additives such as preservatives, binders, immunostimulants, food colorants and probiotics should depend on species and availability to promote the sustainable development of aquatic aquaculture.

Original manuscripts that address any aspect of additives in aquatic animal diets to mitigate stress are invited for this Special Issue. In particular, aspects such as feed additives, welfare, metabolism, endocrine responses, physiological responses, immune responses, probiotics, ingredients, and sustainability of additives in aquatic animal diets are welcome.

Dr. Ann-Chang Cheng
Dr. Hsiang-Chieh Chuang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • additive
  • stress mitigation
  • feed additives
  • welfare
  • stocking density
  • metabolism
  • endocrine response
  • physiological response
  • immune responses
  • probiotics
  • ingredient
  • sustainability

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 884 KiB  
Article
Scoparia dulcis L. Extract Relieved High Stocking Density-Induced Stress in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus)
by Gangfu Chen, Min Wu, Huatao Li, Jing Xu, Haijing Liu, Wenhao Du, Qihui Yang, Lin Feng and Jun Jiang
Animals 2023, 13(15), 2522; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152522 - 04 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 830
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Scoparia dulcis extract (SDE) on stress induced by high stocking density and Cu and trichlorfon exposure in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). The results showed that these stressors exerted detrimental effects [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Scoparia dulcis extract (SDE) on stress induced by high stocking density and Cu and trichlorfon exposure in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). The results showed that these stressors exerted detrimental effects in fish, such as inhibition of growth performance, reduced feed intake, and interruption of fish locomotion. Under high stocking density, dietary SDE supplementation increased the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities of amylase, catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) and decreased the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in the intestine of crucian carp. A similar trend was presented in the hepatopancreas under Cu exposure. Dietary SDE supplementation enhanced the activities of CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase in the muscle of crucian carp under trichlorfon exposure. The optimum dietary SDE supplementation levels were 4.07, 4.33, and 3.95 g kg−1 diet based on the recovery rate of weight gain (RWG), feed intake (FI), and inhibitory rate of rollover (IR) for crucian carp under high stocking density and Cu and trichlorfon exposure, respectively. Overall, dietary supplementation with SDE may be a useful nutritional strategy for relieving these stresses in aquatic animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Different Additives in Aquatic Animal Diets to Mitigate Stress)
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13 pages, 2862 KiB  
Article
Effects of Panax notoginseng Water Extract on Immune Responses and Digestive Enzymes in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
by Ya-Ting Chen, Chia-Ling Kuo, Chih-Chung Wu, Chun-Hung Liu and Shu-Ling Hsieh
Animals 2023, 13(7), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13071131 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1587
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in clinical applications. This study examined the effects of the Panax notoginseng water extract (PNWE) on the immune responses and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei [...] Read more.
Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in clinical applications. This study examined the effects of the Panax notoginseng water extract (PNWE) on the immune responses and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei). The PNWE (50, 100, and 200 μg (g shrimp)−1) was injected into L. vannamei to analyze the immune response parameters, including the total haemocyte count (THC), granular haemocytes (GC), semi-granular haemocytes (SGC), hialin haemocyte (HC), the respiratory burst (RB), the phagocytic ratio (PR), the phagocytic index (PI), and phenoloxidase (PO). We evaluated the activity of the intestinal digestive enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase), the histopathology, and the intestine Vibrio numbers. The results showed that different concentrations of the PNWE significantly increased THC, GC, SGC, PO and RB activity, the PR, and the PI of L. vannamei while reducing the HC. In addition, the PNWE also significantly increased the chymotrypsin, trypsin, and amylase activity of L. vannamei. Furthermore, 50 µg (g shrimp)−1 of PNWE regulated the lipase activity. Additionally, different concentrations of the PNWE significantly reduced the Vibrio numbers in the intestine without damaging the hepatopancreas and intestine tissues. These results indicate that the PNWE improves the immune responses of L. vannamei by increasing the haemocyte count and regulating intestinal digestive enzymes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Different Additives in Aquatic Animal Diets to Mitigate Stress)
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17 pages, 6003 KiB  
Article
Salvianolic Acid B Regulates Oxidative Stress, Autophagy and Apoptosis against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hepatic Injury in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
by Liping Cao, Guojun Yin, Jinliang Du, Rui Jia, Jiancao Gao, Nailin Shao, Quanjie Li, Haojun Zhu, Yao Zheng, Zhijuan Nie, Weidong Ding and Gangchun Xu
Animals 2023, 13(3), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13030341 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1197
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), as one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhizae, has significant pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, free radical elimination and biofilm protection actions. However, the protective effect of Sal B on Nile tilapia and the underlying mechanism [...] Read more.
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), as one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhizae, has significant pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, free radical elimination and biofilm protection actions. However, the protective effect of Sal B on Nile tilapia and the underlying mechanism are rarely reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Sal B on antioxidant stress, apoptosis and autophagy in Nile tilapia liver. In this experiment, Nile tilapia were fed diets containing sal B (0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g·kg−1) for 60 days, and then the oxidative hepatic injury of the tilapia was induced via intrapleural injection of 50 g·kg−1 cyclophosphamide (CTX) three times. After the final exposure to CTX, the Nile tilapia were weighed and blood and liver samples were collected for the detection of growth and biochemical indicators, pathological observations and TUNEL detection, as well as the determination of mRNA expression levels. The results showed that after the CTX treatment, the liver was severely damaged, the antioxidant capacity of the Nile tilapia was significantly decreased and the hepatocyte autophagy and apoptosis levels were significantly increased. Meanwhile, dietary Sal B can not only significantly improve the growth performance of tilapia and effectively reduce CTX-induced liver morphological lesions, but can also alleviate CTX-induced hepatocyte autophagy and apoptosis. In addition, Sal B also significantly regulated the expression of genes related to antioxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis pathways. This suggested that the hepatoprotective effect of Sal B may be achieved through various pathways, including scavenging free radicals and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and autophagy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Different Additives in Aquatic Animal Diets to Mitigate Stress)
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