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Special Issue "Fish Immunology and Vaccination"

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Special Issue Editors

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026 Bodø, Norway
Interests: fish immunology; fish health and diseases; microbiology; molecular biology and aquaculture

Dr. Omkar Byadgi

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Guest Editor

International College, International Program in Ornamental Fish Technology and Aquatic Animal Health, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
Interests: aquaculture; fish disease; fish immunology and vaccine development

Dr. Tharabenahalli Nagaraju Vinay

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Guest Editor

ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
Interests: fish genetics; biotechnology; fish vaccines and microbiome

Dr. Ruth Montero
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Guest Editor

Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oluf Thesens vei 6, 1433 Ås, Norway
Interests: fish immunology; fish vaccines; seasonal immunity; immuno nutrition; aquaculture; flow cytometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Disease outbreaks are considered to be significant constraints for the expansion of the aquaculture industry, and fish health management has become a key issue in combating infectious and emerging diseases. Vaccination has been considered one of the most effective prophylactic measures for the prevention of disease. However, understanding the fish immune system and its response to different vaccines and novel immunostimulants is crucial for the success and development of effective vaccination strategies for sustainable aquaculture. This Special Issue aims to cover the basic and applied research in the field of fish and shellfish immunology, vaccines, applications of novel immunostimulants and host–pathogen interactions. Original research and reviews addressing, but not limited to, the following areas are welcome for submission:

Fish and shellfish innate immunity
Identification and functional evaluation of innate immune molecules in fish and shellfish
Pathogen recognition molecules
Characterisation of immune cells
Mucosal immunology
Genomic, transcriptomic and immunome studies
Application of immunostimulants and adjuvants in fish
Fish vaccine development and mechanism of vaccine protection in fish
Immunity and probiotics

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder
Dr. Omkar Byadgi
Dr. Tharabenahalli Nagaraju Vinay
Dr. Ruth Montero
Guest Editors

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Keywords

fish immunology
vaccines
immunity
novel treatments
antibody

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Immunogenicity and Efficacy of a Feed-Based Bivalent Vaccine against Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia in Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

Nur Shidaa Mohd Ali

Mohd Zamri Saad

Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai

Annas Salleh

Zarirah Mohamed Zulperi

Tilusha Manchanayake

Muhammad Amir Danial Zahaludin

Lukman Basri

Aslah Mohamad

and

Ina Salwany Md Yasin

Animals 2023, 13(8), 1346; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13081346 - 14 Apr 2023

Viewed by 592

Abstract

Streptococcosis and motile Aeromonad septicemia (MAS) are the main bacterial diseases in tilapia culture worldwide, causing significant economic losses. Vaccination is an effective method of preventing diseases and contributes to economic sustainability. This study investigated the immuno-protective efficacy of a newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccine against streptococcosis and MAS in red hybrid tilapia. The feed-based bivalent vaccine pellet was developed by incorporating the formalin-killed S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila antigens into a commercial feed pellet with palm oil as the adjuvant. The bivalent vaccine was subjected to feed quality analyses. For immunological analyses, 900 fish (12.94 ± 0.46 g) were divided into two treatment groups in triplicate. Fish in Group 1 were unvaccinated (control), while those in Group 2 were vaccinated with the bivalent vaccine. The bivalent vaccine was delivered orally at 5% of the fish’s body weight for three consecutive days on week 0, followed by boosters on weeks 2 and 6. Lysozyme and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) on serum, gut lavage, and skin mucus were performed every week for 16 weeks. Lysozyme activity in vaccinated fish was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than in unvaccinated fish following vaccination. Similarly, the IgM antibody levels of vaccinated fish were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher after vaccination. The bivalent vaccine provided high protective efficacy against S. agalactiae (80.00 ± 10.00%) and A. hydrophila (90.00 ± 10.00%) and partial cross-protective efficacy against S. iniae (63.33 ± 5.77%) and A. veronii (60.00 ± 10.00%). During the challenge test, fewer clinical and gross lesions were observed in vaccinated fish compared with unvaccinated fish. Histopathological assessment showed less severe pathological changes in selected organs than the unvaccinated fish. This study showed that vaccination with a feed-based bivalent vaccine improves immunological responses in red hybrid tilapia, and thus protects against streptococcosis and MAS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Immunology and Vaccination)

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Open AccessArticle

Oral Vaccination of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) against Largemouth Bass Ranavirus (LMBV) Using Yeast Surface Display Technology

and

Animals 2023, 13(7), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13071183 - 28 Mar 2023

Viewed by 647

Abstract

Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) infects largemouth bass, leading to significant mortality and economic losses. There are no safe and effective drugs against this disease. Oral vaccines that directly target the intestinal mucosal immune system play an important role in resisting pathogens. Herein, the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB, a mucosal immune adjuvant) and the LMBV main capsid protein (MCP) were expressed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display technology. The yeast-prepared oral vaccines were named EBY100-OMCP and EBY100-LTB-OMCP. The candidate vaccines could resist the acidic intestinal environment. After 7 days of continuous oral immunization, indicators of innate and adaptive immunity were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. High activities of immune enzymes (T-SOD, AKP, ACP, and LZM) in serum and intestinal mucus were detected. IgM in the head kidney was significantly upregulated (EBY100-OMCP group: 3.8-fold; BY100-LTB-OMCP group: 4.3-fold). IgT was upregulated in the intestines (EBY100-OMCP group: 5.6-fold; EBY100-LTB-OMCP group: 6.7-fold). Serum neutralizing antibody titers of the two groups reached 1:85. Oral vaccination protected against LMBV infection. The relative percent survival was 52.1% (EBY100-OMCP) and 66.7% (EBY100-LTB-OMCP). Thus, EBY100-OMCP and EBY100-LTB-OMCP are promising and effective candidate vaccines against LMBV infection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Immunology and Vaccination)

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