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Advances in Nutritional Strategies for Swine Disease Management
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Advances in Nutritional Strategies for Swine Disease Management

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Pigs".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 5427

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Joe D. Crenshaw

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
APC LLC, Ankeny, IA, USA
Interests: inflammation; cytokines; animal science; feeding; nutrients; animal health; veterinary medicine; animal nutrition
Dr. Eric Weaver

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
Interests: immune response; gastrointestinal diseases; inflammatory bowel disease; mucosal immunology; intestinal mucosa; food & nutrition; swine nutrition; IBS; applied nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global movement to reduce reliance on antimicrobials in animal agriculture has generated significant research related to multiple feed additives, including phytogenic compounds, acidifiers, probiotics, and prebiotics, as alternatives for use in swine feed. The effects of various feed additives on swine growth, productivity and health can be highly variable, and have generally been less studied under experimental conditions of swine disease. There is less available information about how ingredients of animal or plant origin that contain functional proteins, peptides, lipids, or other nutrients can affect the biological response to feed additives—especially for pathogen-challenged swine. Furthermore, pathogen mitigation strategies in feed or feed ingredients are important for nutritionists and veterinarians to collaboratively manage swine herd health. The purposes of this Special Issue are to provide information that can assist nutritionists and veterinarians in refining nutritional strategies to manage swine diseases while reducing reliance on antimicrobials and managing risks related to feed safety.

This Special Issue invites authors to submit original research, clinical studies, short communications, or scientific reviews related to existing or novel feed ingredients with immunological activity that can be used in nutritional strategies to manage swine pathogens. For this Special Issue, we particularly encourage submissions reporting the results of nutritional strategies for swine in any life stage that are under natural or experimental pathogen stress. Submissions related to swine pathogen mitigation strategies for feed or feed ingredients will also be considered. Submissions related to feed additives as alternatives to antimicrobials will not be considered for this Special Issue, unless they are used in an experimental design that distinguishes their potential efficacy in diets comparing functional versus non-functional feed ingredients fed to swine under natural or experimental pathogen challenge.

Dr. Joe D. Crenshaw
Dr. Eric Weaver
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • swine
  • pathogens
  • immunology
  • nutrition
  • functional ingredients
  • pathogen mitigation
  • swine health
  • antimicrobial alternatives
  • feed safety

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4159 KiB  
Article
Citrus Flavonoids Supplementation as an Alternative to Replace Zinc Oxide in Weanling Pigs’ Diets Minimizing the Use of Antibiotics
by Montserrat Paniagua, Sandra Villagómez-Estrada, Francisco Javier Crespo, José Francisco Pérez, Anna Arís, Maria Devant and David Solà-Oriol
Animals 2023, 13(6), 967; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13060967 - 07 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1774
Abstract
Since citrus flavonoids have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it was hypothesized that these compounds would become a suitable alternative to the use of therapeutic doses of zinc oxide at weaning. A total of 252 weaned pigs ([LargeWhite × Landrace] × Pietrain) were distributed [...] Read more.
Since citrus flavonoids have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it was hypothesized that these compounds would become a suitable alternative to the use of therapeutic doses of zinc oxide at weaning. A total of 252 weaned pigs ([LargeWhite × Landrace] × Pietrain) were distributed according to BW (5.7 kg ± 0.76) into 18 pens (6 pens per diet, 14 pigs/pen). Three experimental diets for the prestarter (0–14 d postweaning) and starter (15–35 d postweaning) period were prepared: (i) a nonmedicated (CON) diet, (ii) a CON diet supplemented with zinc oxide at 2500 mg/kg, amoxicillin at 0.3 mg/kg and apramycin at 0.1 mg/kg (ZnO), and (iii) CON diet with the addition of a commercial citrus flavonoid extract at 0.3 mg/kg and amoxicillin at 0.3 mg/kg (FLAV). Pig BW, ADG, ADFI, and FCR were assessed on d7, d14, and d35. Samples of intestinal tissue, cecal content, and serum were collected on day seven (18 piglets). FLAV treatment achieved greater BW and ADG during the starter and for the entire experimental period compared with the CON diet (p < 0.05), whereas ZnO pigs evidenced intermediate results. Jejunum tissue analysis showed that pigs fed the FLAV diet overexpressed genes related to barrier function, digestive enzymes, and nutrient transport compared to those pigs fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). An increase in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Succinivibrio, Turicibacter, and Mitsuokella (p < 0.05) was observed in the FLAV compared with the CON and ZnO piglets. ZnO and FLAV increased the expression of TAS2R39, while ZnO pigs also expressed greater TAS2R16 than CON (p < 0.05) in the intestine. FLAV treatment improved the gut function, possibly explaining a higher performance at the end of the nursery period. Consequently, citrus flavonoids supplementation, together with amoxicillin, is a promising alternative to the use of zinc oxide plus amoxicillin and apramycin in weanling pigs, minimizing the use of antibiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutritional Strategies for Swine Disease Management)
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Review

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19 pages, 2469 KiB  
Review
Impacts of F18+ Escherichia coli on Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs and Dietary Interventions
by Marcos Elias Duarte, Yesid Garavito-Duarte and Sung Woo Kim
Animals 2023, 13(17), 2791; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13172791 - 02 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1640
Abstract
This review focused on the impact of F18+ E. coli on pig production and explored nutritional interventions to mitigate its deleterious effects. F18+ E. coli is a primary cause of PWD in nursery pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses [...] Read more.
This review focused on the impact of F18+ E. coli on pig production and explored nutritional interventions to mitigate its deleterious effects. F18+ E. coli is a primary cause of PWD in nursery pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses through diminished feed efficiency, morbidity, and mortality. In summary, the F18+ E. coli induces intestinal inflammation with elevated IL6 (60%), IL8 (43%), and TNF-α (28%), disrupting the microbiota and resulting in 14% villus height reduction. Besides the mortality, the compromised intestinal health results in a 20% G:F decrease and a 10% ADFI reduction, ultimately culminating in a 28% ADG decrease. Among nutritional interventions to counter F18+ E. coli impacts, zinc glycinate lowered TNF-α (26%) and protein carbonyl (45%) in jejunal mucosa, resulting in a 39% ADG increase. Lactic acid bacteria reduced TNF-α (36%), increasing 51% ADG, whereas Bacillus spp. reduced IL6 (27%), increasing BW (12%). Lactobacillus postbiotic increased BW (14%) and the diversity of beneficial bacteria. Phytobiotics reduced TNF-α (23%) and IL6 (21%), enhancing feed efficiency (37%). Additional interventions, including low crude protein formulation, antibacterial minerals, prebiotics, and organic acids, can be effectively used to combat F18+ E. coli infection. These findings collectively underscore a range of effective strategies for managing the challenges posed by F18+ E. coli in pig production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutritional Strategies for Swine Disease Management)
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35 pages, 456 KiB  
Review
Biosecurity and Mitigation Strategies to Control Swine Viruses in Feed Ingredients and Complete Feeds
by Gerald C. Shurson, Pedro E. Urriola and Declan C. Schroeder
Animals 2023, 13(14), 2375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142375 - 21 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1586
Abstract
No system nor standardized analytical procedures at commercial laboratories exist to facilitate and accurately measure potential viable virus contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds globally. As a result, there is high uncertainty of the extent of swine virus contamination in global feed [...] Read more.
No system nor standardized analytical procedures at commercial laboratories exist to facilitate and accurately measure potential viable virus contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds globally. As a result, there is high uncertainty of the extent of swine virus contamination in global feed supply chains. Many knowledge gaps need to be addressed to improve our ability to prevent virus contamination and transmission in swine feed. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge involving: (1) the need for biosecurity protocols to identify production, processing, storage, and transportation conditions that may cause virus contamination of feed ingredients and complete feed; (2) challenges of measuring virus inactivation; (3) virus survival in feed ingredients during transportation and storage; (4) minimum infectious doses; (5) differences between using a food safety objective versus a performance objective as potential approaches for risk assessment in swine feed; (6) swine virus inactivation from thermal and irradiation processes, and chemical mitigants in feed ingredients and complete feed; (7) efficacy of virus decontamination strategies in feed mills; (8) benefits of functional ingredients, nutrients, and commercial feed additives in pig diets during a viral health challenge; and (9) considerations for improved risk assessment models of virus contamination in feed supply chains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nutritional Strategies for Swine Disease Management)
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