Recent Advances in Allergic Rhinitis

A special issue of Allergies (ISSN 2313-5786). This special issue belongs to the section "Rhinology/Allergic Rhinitis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2022) | Viewed by 10594

Special Issue Editors

Distinguished Invited Researcher, Department of Microbiology, Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine, Matsue, Japan
Interests: allergic rhinitis treatment; immunotherapy; mucosal immunology; innate immunity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
Interests: allergic rhinitis; chronic rhinosinusitis; hygiene hypothesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to draw your attention to a new Special Issue in Allergies entitled “Recent Advances in Allergic Rhinitis”. We invite you to submit your recent research or review article, with your preferred title, exploring recent advances of allergic rhinitis (AR) research.

We hope to receive original research and review articles concerning medical treatment, immunotherapy, innate immunity contribution to pathologies of AR, modification of allergic inflammation with TLR ligands, and cross talk of allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinitis. If you submit a paper and it is accepted for publication after peer review we will publish it *free of charge*.  Please let us know if you are interested in submitting work to this Special Issue.  

Prof. Dr. Hideyuki Kawauchi
Prof. Dr. Emmanuel Prokopakis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Allergies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • allergic rhinitis
  • medical treatment
  • immunotherapy
  • innate immunity
  • cross talk between allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis in upper respiratory tract

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 2468 KiB  
Article
Nasal Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Exacerbates Allergic Rhinitis through Th2 Cytokine Production from Mast Cells
by Noriaki Aoi, Takafumi Fuchiwaki, Ichiro Morikura, Hideyuki Kawauchi and Tatsunori Sakamoto
Allergies 2021, 1(4), 216-224; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies1040020 - 11 Nov 2021
Viewed by 3011
Abstract
Background: Microbial infection or exposure to endotoxin later in life exacerbates established asthma. Mast cells are involved in the exacerbation of asthma. This exacerbation involves a toll-like receptor (TLR)–mediated response of mast cells. In the clinical practice of otolaryngology, otolaryngologists experience an exacerbation [...] Read more.
Background: Microbial infection or exposure to endotoxin later in life exacerbates established asthma. Mast cells are involved in the exacerbation of asthma. This exacerbation involves a toll-like receptor (TLR)–mediated response of mast cells. In the clinical practice of otolaryngology, otolaryngologists experience an exacerbation of nasal congestion when infectious rhinitis develops in patients with allergic rhinitis, but the mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on allergic rhinitis using a mouse allergic rhinitis model. Methods: Female BALB/c mice, TLR4 gene mutant C3H/HeJ mice or mast cell–deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA)/alum, and were intranasal challenged with OVA and/or LPS. Nasal symptoms and histologic changes were examined. Cytokines in nasal tissue were examined by Western blot. The effects of LPS on degranulation and cytokine production of bone marrow–derived mast cells (BMMCs) were investigated. Results: Nasal administration of LPS together with the antigen exacerbated nasal symptoms, eosinophil infiltration of the nasal mucosa, and increased IL-5 production in the nasal mucosa. It was not observed in C3H/HeJ mice and WBB6F1-W/Wv mice. The addition of LPS increased the production of IL-5 from BMMCs in a dose-dependent manner, but no effect on degranulation was observed. Conclusions: Intranasal administration of LPS exacerbates allergic rhinitis through Th2 cytokine production from mast cells. This observation provides clues to the mechanism of exacerbation of allergic rhinitis caused by an infection in daily clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergic Rhinitis)
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10 pages, 1276 KiB  
Article
Serum Concentrations of Antigen-Specific IgG4 in Patients with Japanese Cedar Pollinosis
by Shiori Kitaya, Nobuo Ohta, Atsushi Yuta, Yukiko Ogawa, Yusuke Suzuki, Seiya Ichihara, Ryoukichi Ikeda, Tadao Enomoto, Hideaki Kouzaki, Takeshi Shimizu, Junya Ono, Kenji Izuhara and Yoshitaka Okamoto
Allergies 2021, 1(3), 140-149; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies1030013 - 14 Jul 2021
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Abstract
Purpose: To elucidate the usefulness of Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)-specific antigen-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) 4 as a biomarker for predicting the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for cedar pollen-induced allergic rhinitis. Methods: We divided a total of 105 cases with Japanese cedar pollinosis into three [...] Read more.
Purpose: To elucidate the usefulness of Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)-specific antigen-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) 4 as a biomarker for predicting the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for cedar pollen-induced allergic rhinitis. Methods: We divided a total of 105 cases with Japanese cedar pollinosis into three groups: “SLIT Successful,” SLIT Unsatisfactory,” and “SCIT” groups. The SLIT group patients were treated with JCP Droplet (Torii Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for one year from 2015 and were divided into two groups, the SLIT Successful group or the SLIT Unsatisfactory group. The SLIT Successful group (n = 16) were subjects treated by SLIT only, who were able to experience control of their naso-ocular symptoms without the need for antiallergic rescue agents during the peak season of atmospheric pollen. The SLIT Unsatisfactory group (n = 76) comprised subjects treated with SLIT only, who did not respond successfully, and were administered with rescue agents to control their naso-ocular symptoms. The SCIT group had been treated with standardized JCP extract (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for three years from 2012, and were also able to experience control of their symptoms during the peak pollen season without the need for antiallergic rescue agents. We determined the serum level of JCP-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG, and IgG4 used in the 3gAllergy-specific IgE assay (3gAllergy). The serum levels of periostin and SCCA2 were measured using established ELISA procedures (clones SS18A and SS17B; Shino-Test, Japan) following the manufacturer’s instructions. We then made ROC curves for each group and assessed which index was best able to predict the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy. Results: Serum JCP-specific IgE was significantly lower in the SCIT group than in the SLIT Successful group and the SLIT Unsatisfactory group (p < 0.05). Serum JCP-specific IgG was significantly higher in the SCIT group and the SLIT Successful group than in the SLIT Unsatisfactory group (p < 0.05). Serum JCP-specific IgG4 was also significantly higher in the SCIT group and the SLIT Successful group than in the SLIT Unsatisfactory group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among serum levels of periostin in the SCIT group, the SLIT Successful group, or the SLIT Unsatisfactory group. There was also no significant difference in SCCA2 among the three groups. In terms of ROC curves, a serum JCP-specific IgG4 value greater than 989.5 UA/mL showed the best sensitivity (93.3%) and specificity (94.7%) (p < 0.05) among other parameters. Conclusions: The serum JCP-specific IgG4 level is significantly correlated with the clinical efficacy of SLIT. Serum JCP-specific IgG4 cutoff levels greater than 989.5 UA/mL were correlated with an effective clinical response to SLIT, with a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 94.7%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergic Rhinitis)
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Review

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10 pages, 283 KiB  
Review
Alternatives to Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis
by Tetsuya Terada and Ryo Kawata
Allergies 2022, 2(1), 23-32; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies2010003 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3228
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an important public health issue worldwide due to its increasing prevalence and impact on quality of life, school performance, and work productivity. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is used to treat AR and involves repeated injections of allergen extracts. SCIT is [...] Read more.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an important public health issue worldwide due to its increasing prevalence and impact on quality of life, school performance, and work productivity. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is used to treat AR and involves repeated injections of allergen extracts. SCIT is used for cases of severe AR with symptoms that are not adequately controlled by medication, when the side effects of medication limit treatment options, or where the aim is to cure rather than symptomatically treat. Although SCIT is effective, it is not necessarily curative. Furthermore, there is also a low but present risk of systemic allergic reactions, with systemic side effects occurring in less than 0–1% of treated patients. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has emerged as an effective and safe alternative to SCIT. SCIT and SLIT are the only immunotherapies currently available for AR. In addition to sublingual administration as an alternative to SCIT, other routes of antigen administration have been attempted with the goal of increasing safety while maintaining efficacy. This review discusses the efficacies of SCIT and SLIT, their mechanisms, the utility of intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) as an alternative route of antigen administration, and the potential for immunotherapy using other routes of antigen administration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergic Rhinitis)
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