Feature Papers 2023

A special issue of Allergies (ISSN 2313-5786).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4887

Special Issue Editors

Institut de Recherche et Développement, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 152 PharmaDev, Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France
Interests: food allergy; allergens; epitopes; celiac disease; structural approaches
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
Interests: plant food allergens (legumes and nuts); reduction of the allergenic potential through processing; proteomic and genomic analysis; detection of nuts allergens by RT-PCR and biosensors in processed foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is a collection of high-quality papers published free of charge in Open Access form by the editorial board members or invited by the editorial office and the Editor-in-Chief. The papers should be research papers (or review papers) with a full and detailed summary of the author's own research carried out to date.

Prof. Dr. Pierre Rougé
Dr. Carmen Cuadrado
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Allergies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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7 pages, 467 KiB  
Article
The Role of Peamaclein (Pru p 7) in PFAS Patients: An Italian Real-Life Study
by Marco Spalletti, Valentina Lasala, Paolo Cameli, Laura Bergantini, Marco Saletti, Valerio Beltrami, Elena Bargagli and Miriana d’Alessandro
Allergies 2023, 3(3), 177-183; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies3030011 - 10 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is an allergic reaction to specific foods in persons previously sensitised to pollen. The diagnosis of PFAS is made after taking a patient’s medical history and, in some cases, conducting skin tests and oral food tests with raw [...] Read more.
Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is an allergic reaction to specific foods in persons previously sensitised to pollen. The diagnosis of PFAS is made after taking a patient’s medical history and, in some cases, conducting skin tests and oral food tests with raw fruit or vegetables. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Pru p 7 in patients suspected of having PFAS, who show clinical symptoms, positivity for Cup a 1 and negativity for Pru p 1 and Pru p 3. A total of 51 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 33 ± 15 years; 20 men and 31 women), referred to the respiratory diseases and allergology units of Siena University Hospital, were enrolled retrospectively. All of them underwent allergy consultation and IgE evaluation for Cup a 1, Pru p 1 and Pru p 3 by immuno solid-phase allergen chip (ISAC). Pru p 7 assay was performed by the ImmunoCAP Phadia method in patients who tested positive for Cup a 1 and simultaneously negative for Pru p 1 and Pru p 3 by ISAC. The serum of 51 patients was tested for sensitisation to Pru p 7 by the ImmunoCAP Phadia method, and nine patients (17.65%) were found positive. An area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 99.51% made it possible to distinguish PFAS and non-PFAS patients on the basis of Pru p 7 values. The best cut-off value was 0.16 kUA/l, which gave a 85.7% sensitivity and 97.73% specificity. This study helps define the role of Pru p 7 in PFAS patients sensitised to cypress pollen and testing negative to Pru p 1 and Pru p 3. A fast, easy and non-invasive diagnostic method is proposed to detect IgE specific for Pru p 7. Inclusion of Pru p 7 in the ISAC assay panel would facilitate the diagnosis of PFAS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers 2023)
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10 pages, 890 KiB  
Article
Is Switching of Adrenaline Auto Injector Devices a Concern for Anaphylaxis Management? A CROSS-Sectional Study
by Caoimhe Cronin, Ciobha O’Kelly, Hannah Keohane, Laura Flores Villarta, Ciara Tobin, Roberto Velasco and Juan Trujillo Wurttele
Allergies 2023, 3(2), 105-114; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies3020008 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1455
Abstract
Adrenaline auto injectors (AAI) are the mainstay of treatment in anaphylaxis. However, many caregivers of children with food allergies are unable to administer an AAI when assessed. One proposed factor for this finding is the lack of training and familiarity of the different [...] Read more.
Adrenaline auto injectors (AAI) are the mainstay of treatment in anaphylaxis. However, many caregivers of children with food allergies are unable to administer an AAI when assessed. One proposed factor for this finding is the lack of training and familiarity of the different AAI devices. The aim of this study is to explore the usage of different brands of adrenaline auto-injectors among caregivers of children with food allergies in Ireland. A cross-sectional study method was employed using an online questionnaire. An amount of 121 (75.58%) caregivers reported that their child carried an Epipen®, 25 (15.82%) carried Jext®, and 12 (7.59%) carried Anapen®. An amount of 48.73% (n = 77) of caregivers had switched brands of AAI at least once before, with lack of availability of their usual device at their pharmacy being the most common reason for this. Factors associated with change were a household income >100,000 € (70% vs. 44.9% of those with less income; p = 0.04) and parents ≥40 years old (59.6% vs. 32.8% of patients whose parents younger; p < 0.01). When asked what they preferred about a particular AAI brand, caregivers appreciated a simple design with minimal steps involved in administration, clear colour coding, online resources, formal training from a healthcare professional, and first-hand experience in using the AAI. These findings show, for the first time, that switching brands is a common occurrence among caregivers of children with food allergies. These findings support the EAACI recommendation to train parents regularly in all available brands of AAI and to retrain parents when switching to different devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers 2023)
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Review

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13 pages, 563 KiB  
Review
Mechanisms and Comparative Treatments of Allergic Rhinitis including Phototherapy
by Roy Kennedy
Allergies 2024, 4(1), 17-29; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies4010002 - 16 Feb 2024
Viewed by 573
Abstract
The treatment of allergic conditions presents a challenge for both seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial rhinitis sufferers. The increasing prevalence of both of these types of allergic responses requires the use of a range of treatments which can provide relief. The treatment of [...] Read more.
The treatment of allergic conditions presents a challenge for both seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial rhinitis sufferers. The increasing prevalence of both of these types of allergic responses requires the use of a range of treatments which can provide relief. The treatment of allergic rhinitis has been considered under the ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) guidelines. Current treatment options include medication and avoidance for those with reduced responses, but more expensive treatments include immunotherapy and the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAb). All treatments target specific parts of the inflammatory response which includes mast cells, eosinophils and basophils. Phototherapy can be a useful addition to these treatments, and combinations of UV-B (5%), UV-A (25%) and visible light (70%) in phototherapy treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of symptoms. Phototherapy consisting of visible wavelengths and infrared light (660 nm 940 nm) was shown to be particularly effective in treating perennial rhinitis. The use of a range of wavelengths in the control of allergic responses is described in this paper. Phototherapy can form part of an effective treatment regime for allergic rhinitis sufferers which can exploit synergies in the control of the condition elicited through several pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers 2023)
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16 pages, 1488 KiB  
Review
Allergenicity and Conformational Diversity of Allergens
by Clarissa A. Seidler, Ricarda Zeindl, Monica L. Fernández-Quintero, Martin Tollinger and Klaus R. Liedl
Allergies 2024, 4(1), 1-16; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies4010001 - 11 Jan 2024
Viewed by 751
Abstract
Allergens are substances that cause abnormal immune responses and can originate from various sources. IgE-mediated allergies are one of the most common and severe types of allergies, affecting more than 20% of the population in Western countries. Allergens can be subdivided into a [...] Read more.
Allergens are substances that cause abnormal immune responses and can originate from various sources. IgE-mediated allergies are one of the most common and severe types of allergies, affecting more than 20% of the population in Western countries. Allergens can be subdivided into a limited number of families based on their structure, but this does not necessarily indicate the origin or the route of administration of the allergen, nor is the molecular basis of allergenicity clearly understood. This review examines how understanding the allergenicity of proteins involves their structural characterization and elucidates the study of conformational diversity by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This article also discusses allergen cross-reactivity and the mechanisms by which IgE antibodies recognize and bind to allergens based on their conformational and linear epitopes. In addition, we outline how the pH, the proteolytic susceptibility and the endosomal degradation affect the outcome of allergic reactions, and how this is correlated with conformational changes and secondary structure rearrangement events. We want to emphasize the importance of considering structural diversity and dynamics, proteolytic susceptibility and pH-dependent factors to fully comprehend allergenicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers 2023)
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