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Agronomy
Special Issues
Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change
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Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Agroecology Innovation: Achieving System Resilience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 9542

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Szilvia Veres

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: plant physiology; eco-physiology; stress-physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Tibor Janda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Physiology and Metabolomics, Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural Research, H-4032 Martonvásár, Hungary
Interests: abiotic stress; photosynthesis; plants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is no question that photosynthesis has always been and will be the basis of human existence. Currently, global climate change has been causing anomalies, meaning that adaptions have to occur faster than ever to face this change. Both photosynthetic microorganisms and plants are challenged by biotic and abiotic environmental conditions that require short-term acclimation and longer-term adaptations. The aim of the adapted forms and mechanisms realized at different levels of organization—gene, molecule, cell organelle, cell, tissue, organ, individual, and population—is to maintain photosynthetic efficiency. Any factor—water deficiency, drought, flooding, cold, heat, ozone, UV radiation, nutrient deficiency/excess, virus, etc.—that reduces the intensity of photosynthetic processes over a long or short period of time induces light stress, which can cause irreversible damage through potential free radicals. Facing rapidly changing and complex situations is a great challenge for both natural aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, as well as cultivated crops, and these processes can also mean the survival for the human race as well.

Papers submitted to this Special Issue should report novel, original research results and reviews focusing on the role of photosynthetic processes in the acclimation mechanisms to either single or combined environmental stresses, providing novel insights into the control mechanisms regulating plant productivity under unfavourable conditions. Multidisciplinary studies, including systems biology, molecular biology, genetic, physiological, and biochemical approaches are especially welcome.

Dr. Szilvia Veres
Prof. Dr. Tibor Janda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • biotic stress
  • abiotic stress
  • plants
  • photosynthetic organisms

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 201 KiB  
Editorial
Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change
by Szilvia Veres and Tibor Janda
Agronomy 2023, 13(11), 2792; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112792 - 10 Nov 2023
Viewed by 554
Abstract
Since it evolved, photosynthesis has been and will continue to be one of the factors that most define the current way of life on Earth, not only for plants but also for humans [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

38 pages, 23952 KiB  
Article
Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zea mays L. under Cadmium and Drought Stresses Integrated with Fungal and Bacterial Inoculation
by Saba Kavian, Mehdi Zarei, Ali Niazi, Reza Ghasemi-Fasaei, Amir Ghaffar Shahriari and Tibor Janda
Agronomy 2023, 13(7), 1675; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071675 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1191
Abstract
Cadmium and drought stress are the most destructive of the abiotic stresses with negative effects on both metabolism and photosynthesis. The present experiment aimed to analyze the impact of inoculation with Bacillus paralicheniformis and Trichoderma asperellum on the growth and antioxidant response modulation [...] Read more.
Cadmium and drought stress are the most destructive of the abiotic stresses with negative effects on both metabolism and photosynthesis. The present experiment aimed to analyze the impact of inoculation with Bacillus paralicheniformis and Trichoderma asperellum on the growth and antioxidant response modulation of maize (Zea mays L.), under drought and Cadmium (Cd) stresses. Regarding plant biomass analysis, fungi inoculation increased leaf dry biomass significantly (11.92%) towards uninoculated ones. The leaf area was affected significantly by bacterial application, 12.15% more than the control. A significant trend (drought+ Cd stress) was observed between fungi-inoculated maize leaves (15.07 µmol/g FW) and bacterial-inoculated leaves (18.71 µmol/g FW) regarding the malondialdehyde quantity. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase were notably higher (9.63–40.88%) in microorganism-inoculated roots. Similarly, under drought + Cd stress, peroxidase demonstrated a higher activity under bacterial inoculation than fungal ones (92.11% more). The maximum translocation factor was observed in the uninoculated group (under Cd stress), while the bioconcentration factor under drought stress showed a significant increase by microorganisms. The maximum relative water content under bacterial inoculation (82.66%) was achieved. The fungi and bacterial inoculation minimized Cd accumulation in the leaf significantly under drought and drought + Cd stress. Generally, the microorganism inoculation positively and partially maintained the plant’s performance, despite the presence of drought and Cd stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)
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24 pages, 3061 KiB  
Article
Effect of Low Temperature on Photosynthetic Physiological Activity of Different Photoperiod Types of Strawberry Seedlings and Stress Diagnosis
by Nan Jiang, Zaiqiang Yang, Hanqi Zhang, Jiaqing Xu and Chunying Li
Agronomy 2023, 13(5), 1321; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051321 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2295
Abstract
During the early growth stage of plants, low temperatures can alter cell permeability, reduce photosynthetic capacity, and have adverse effects on crop growth, development, and yield. Different strawberry cultivars have varying cold tolerance. In this study, we investigated the changes in cell permeability [...] Read more.
During the early growth stage of plants, low temperatures can alter cell permeability, reduce photosynthetic capacity, and have adverse effects on crop growth, development, and yield. Different strawberry cultivars have varying cold tolerance. In this study, we investigated the changes in cell permeability and photosynthetic activity of short-day and long-day types of strawberry cultivars under varying degrees of low-temperature stress, and evaluated the extent of cellular damage using photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The experiment utilized short-day strawberry cultivars ‘Toyonoka’ and ‘Red Face’, and long-day strawberry cultivars ‘Selva’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ seedlings. Low-temperature treatments were set at −20, −15, −10, −5, 0, 5, and 10 °C for 12 h. The research demonstrated that short-day strawberries had greater tolerance to low temperatures, and all four strawberry cultivars began to experience low-temperature stress when the temperature was below 5 °C. A temperature range of 0 to −10 °C played a crucial role in causing severe cold damage to the strawberries. The low-temperature stress levels were constructed based on electrolyte leakage, with photosynthetic physiological characteristics serving as references. The study proves that the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can serve as effective probes for diagnosing low-temperature stress in strawberry seedlings, and their combination provides higher accuracy in identifying stress levels than any single type of parameter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)
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20 pages, 1484 KiB  
Article
Metabolic, Nutritional and Morphophysiological Behavior of Eucalypt Genotypes Differing in Dieback Resistance in Field When Submitted to PEG-Induced Water Deficit
by Débora Durso Caetano-Madeira, Rebeca Patricia Omena-Garcia, Tamiris Lopes Elerati, Camila Batista da Silva Lopes, Thais Roseli Corrêa, Genaína Aparecida de Souza, Leonardo Araujo Oliveira, Cosme Damião Cruz, Leonardo Lopes Bhering, Adriano Nunes-Nesi, Weverton Gomes da Costa and Edgard Augusto de Toledo Picoli
Agronomy 2023, 13(5), 1261; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051261 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1301
Abstract
Dieback is a physiological disorder that has caused losses on eucalyptus plantations. Thinking that water stress is one of the triggers for the physiological disorder and aiming at the early identification of tolerant genotypes, we evaluated plantlets of four commercial clones with divergent [...] Read more.
Dieback is a physiological disorder that has caused losses on eucalyptus plantations. Thinking that water stress is one of the triggers for the physiological disorder and aiming at the early identification of tolerant genotypes, we evaluated plantlets of four commercial clones with divergent behavior in field conditions. The plantlets were grown in a greenhouse where the drought conditions were provided by the application of polyethylene glycol 6000 solutions at 100 and 300 g L−1. After water deficit treatments, the morphological, physiological, nutritional and metabolic analyses were performed. SuzT maintained the carbon fixation and the instantaneous water use efficiency, even under water deficit, while sustaining growth. This resulted in higher leaf area and total dry mass in SuzT. Despite higher photosynthetic rate, SuzS exhibited reduced dry biomass accumulation, implying less efficient carbon use. SuzT revealed a higher level of calcium that supports cell structure and homeostasis and indicates higher capacity to manage specific resources and survival under water deficit. SuzT suffered reduction in some free amino acids; however, there was no significant variation for total amino acid content. The principal component and cluster analyses indicated that SuzMT and SuzTP genotypes behave similarly to SuzT under water deficit, while SuzS clustered in isolation. Our results support that there are common trends in water deficit responses for contrasting eucalypt genotypes. The existence of other strategies coping with water deficit resistance is not discarded and should be further evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)
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20 pages, 2043 KiB  
Article
Very Early Biomarkers Screening for Water Deficit Tolerance in Commercial Eucalyptus Clones
by Thais R. Corrêa, Edgard Augusto de T. Picoli, Washington Luiz Pereira, Samyra A. Condé, Rafael T. Resende, Marcos Deon V. de Resende, Weverton Gomes da Costa, Cosme Damião Cruz and Edival Angelo V. Zauza
Agronomy 2023, 13(3), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030937 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1509
Abstract
The identification of genotypes more tolerant to water deficit is a challenge to breeding programs. In this research, our objectives were to identify and validate traits for tolerance to water deficit in eucalypts. The estimation of genotypic parameters and early selection are proposed [...] Read more.
The identification of genotypes more tolerant to water deficit is a challenge to breeding programs. In this research, our objectives were to identify and validate traits for tolerance to water deficit in eucalypts. The estimation of genotypic parameters and early selection are proposed based on mixed models, selection indexes and validation schemes. Seedlings with 110 days were grown in a greenhouse for 12 weeks, and two water deficit treatments were conducted (polyethylene glycol and water limitation). A total of 26 biomarkers were evaluated, and 15 of them were significant, exhibited adequate heritability, and used for screening: final plant height, increment in height, increment in diameter, area of mature and fully expanded leaf, nutrient contents of N, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Zn, Mn and B, photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (gs). Both treatments were adequate to discriminate water deficit-tolerant clones. The ranking of tolerant clones according to their phenotype in the field demonstrates the potential for early selection and is consistent with the maintenance of water-deficit-tolerance mechanisms until adulthood. There is evidence that the choice of biomarker depends on the species involved and different strategies contributing to the tolerance trait. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)
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15 pages, 5630 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Paraffin Oil Spraying and Powdery Mildew Infection on Leaf Gas Exchange and Yield of Chardonnay and Kékfrankos (Vitis vinifera L.) in Hungary
by Xénia Pálfi, Szabolcs Villangó, Zoltán Karácsony, János Kátai and Zsolt Zsófi
Agronomy 2022, 12(11), 2684; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112684 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1670
Abstract
Various oils can efficiently control a wide range of pests and pathogens on plants. In this study, we tested the effectiveness solely applied paraffin oil (PFO) spraying against Erysiphe necator, the causal agent of grape powdery mildew (GPM). Its effects on gas [...] Read more.
Various oils can efficiently control a wide range of pests and pathogens on plants. In this study, we tested the effectiveness solely applied paraffin oil (PFO) spraying against Erysiphe necator, the causal agent of grape powdery mildew (GPM). Its effects on gas exchange and yield at harvest were also investigated. Experiments were conducted in Eger between 2013 and 2014 with two cultivars (Kékfrankos and Chardonnay) showing differing susceptibility to GPM. Treatments with 2.2 and 3.3 v/v% PFO spraying inhibited GPM; however, this effect was influenced by the individual resilience of the variety and the infection pressure of the vintage. The PFO treatment caused decreased leaf gas exchange parameters compared to conventional treatment. The berry yield was also lower in PFO-treated parcels, although yield may be affected by numerous factors and requires further investigation. The mineral oils may have a phytotoxic effect on the grapevine through impairment of the photosynthetic performance, although this effect cannot be connected to a particular PFO concentration according to our research results. This negative effect of PFO highly depends on the ampelographic characteristics of the examined cultivars and vintage. In addition, the physical properties of the spraying agent may also play an important role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthetic Adaptability of Crops under Environmental Change)
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