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Agronomy
Special Issues
Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture
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Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Plant Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 23085

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lorenzo D'Avino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CREA–Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, via di Lanciola 12/a, 50125 Florence, Italy
Interests: environmental assessment; viticulture; carbon sequestration; soil ecology; sustainable agriculture; soil management; LCA
Dr. Rita Perria

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CREA–Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Viale Santa Margherita, 80-52100 Arezzo, Italy
Interests: vineyard management; precision viticulture; sustainable viticulture; grapevine protection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Simone Priori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
University of Tuscia, Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), Viterbo, Italy
Interests: pedology; digital soil mapping; proximal sensing; soil hydrology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Viticulture fulfils a crucial role in agricultural production all over the world, and it is regarded as a production with a great environmental impact. The high competitiveness, and the need to always solve new problems in the sector, leads winemakers to introduce innovative and continually evolving practices in grapevine and soil management. Awareness of ecosystem services offered by soil in agriculture is dramatically increasing, so a better sustainability could be reached by tying viticulture production to the soil. Agroecology approaches in vineyards, e.g., the use of cover crops and organic amendments, are increasingly adopted to improve organic matter, biodiversity, soil water, and nutrient availability and to preserve soil from erosion and compaction. Innovative technologies, namely, information and communications technology (ICT), decision support systems (DSS), variable rate technologies (VRT), and remote and proximal sensors, can help to optimize vineyard management, saving resources and improving yield quantity and quality.  

This Special Issue will focus on trends in sustainable viticulture, including organic, conservation, and regenerative farming; management choices impacting erosion or biological, chemical, and/or physical soil quality; implications in soil ecology; carbon emission or sequestration due to different interrow soil management and farm inputs; advances in sustainable pest and disease management; economic and environmental assessment, including vineyard certifications; ICT and DSS to assess impact from new plantation or management of vineyards; and recent advances in precision viticulture; innovative techniques to survey and monitor soil and canopy, including remote and proximal sensing.

Dr. Lorenzo D'Avino
Dr. Rita Perria
Prof. Dr. Simone Priori
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Vitis vinifera L.
  • canopy and soil management
  • environmental carbon and water footprint
  • mitigation and/or adaptation to climate change
  • soil degradation and restoration
  • integrated pests and disease control
  • roots-soil micro-organisms and fauna interactions
  • soil quality in vineyard
  • terroir
  • ICT, DSS or VRT for sustainable viticulture

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 7603 KiB  
Article
A Regional 100 m Soil Grid-Based Geographic Decision Support System to Support the Planning of New Sustainable Vineyards
by Roberto Barbetti, Irene Criscuoli, Giuseppe Valboa, Nadia Vignozzi, Sergio Pellegrini, Maria Costanza Andrenelli, Giovanni L’Abate, Maria Fantappiè, Alessandro Orlandini, Andrea Lachi, Lorenzo Gardin and Lorenzo D’Avino
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030596 - 16 Mar 2024
Viewed by 474
Abstract
A WebGis tool called GoProsit has been developed to support winegrowers in planning a new sustainable vineyard and in the identification of high-quality terroir in Tuscany, Central Italy, by providing various information on soils, climate, hydrological risks, and fertilization. GoProsit, hosted by the [...] Read more.
A WebGis tool called GoProsit has been developed to support winegrowers in planning a new sustainable vineyard and in the identification of high-quality terroir in Tuscany, Central Italy, by providing various information on soils, climate, hydrological risks, and fertilization. GoProsit, hosted by the web platform GEAPP, is a free, user-friendly, and interactive Geographic Decision Support System (GDSS). Soil data behind the WebGis tool has a 1 ha resolution, achieved by processing the legacy vector-type soil database of the Tuscany Region with the DSMART (Disaggregation and Harmonization of Soil Map Units Through Resampled Classification Trees as supervised classification) algorithm, which disaggregated the map to 297,023 vineyard grid cells. Each grid cell holds climatic and pedologic information, along with physical and chemical features for each horizon of the most probable soil. GoProsit also provides soil maps in image format obtained by georeferencing about 50 historical soil maps (1969–2012). Finally, GoProsit runs and returns the outputs of six models: (a) carbon footprint, (b) potential erosion and maximum vine row length compatible with tolerable erosion, (c) potential water stress, (d) risk of runoff/waterlogging, (e) identification of suitable rootstocks, and (f) nutritional needs before planting. Statistics of the main model results for the investigated area are reported. This promising tool will soon be usable for the whole Italian territory; however, its potential makes it suitable for use in any wine-growing district. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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17 pages, 1009 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Efficiency of Sustainable Wine Grape Vineyard Management Strategies
by Rita Perria, Alice Ciofini, William Antonio Petrucci, Mauro Eugenio Maria D’Arcangelo, Paolo Valentini, Paolo Storchi, Giuseppe Carella, Andrea Pacetti and Laura Mugnai
Agronomy 2022, 12(2), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020392 - 04 Feb 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3234
Abstract
Crop protection strategies based on cupric products and mainly adopted in organic viticulture produce a consistent environmental impact due to the persistence of copper in soils and its negative effects on edaphic biodiversity. In this work, trials were carried out during the crop [...] Read more.
Crop protection strategies based on cupric products and mainly adopted in organic viticulture produce a consistent environmental impact due to the persistence of copper in soils and its negative effects on edaphic biodiversity. In this work, trials were carried out during the crop years 2018–2020 in a vineyard with an organic management by a low-copper strategy and in a conventional IPM management with an IPM strategy with reduced use of fungicides. Phytosanitary treatments have been strictly planned according to forecasting models, and fungicides have been partially substituted with substances improving the resistance mechanisms of plants. Different strategies of green manure management, in order to improve the health of vines, were also adopted. Results suggest the efficacy of the “GreenGrapes” plant protection strategy in conditions of low downy mildew pressure. Furthermore, no declines in the production quality have been recorded; conversely, the synergic effect of the green manure and the tested biostimulant substances (“GreenGrapes” protocols) and the green manure management improved yield and grape quality, compared with conventional conduction (IPM and Organic) with a grass covering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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14 pages, 2304 KiB  
Article
The Effect of the Proportion of Adjacent Non-Crop Vegetation on Plant and Invertebrate Diversity in the Vineyards of the South Moravian Region
by Lucia Ragasová, Tomáš Kopta, Jan Winkler, Hana Šefrová and Robert Pokluda
Agronomy 2021, 11(6), 1073; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061073 - 26 May 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2408
Abstract
Increasing vulnerability of crops to pests and diseases, problems with soil erosion, a decline in biodiversity and a number of other negative impacts caused by agricultural intensification and monocultural production have been the subjects of many studies in recent decades. Today, cover cropping [...] Read more.
Increasing vulnerability of crops to pests and diseases, problems with soil erosion, a decline in biodiversity and a number of other negative impacts caused by agricultural intensification and monocultural production have been the subjects of many studies in recent decades. Today, cover cropping has become a promising practice to defuse these negative impacts, and it is emerging in many wine-producing regions, including the Czech Republic. However, the importance of permanent natural and semi-natural habitats in agricultural production should not be neglected. In this study, the effect of adjacent non-crop vegetation on plant and insect diversity was evaluated. The highest plant species richness of inter-row vegetation was found in vineyards with a high proportion (>40%) of non-crop vegetation within a 500-m radius. Regarding the agricultural impact of inter-row vegetation, the high proportion of non-crop vegetation could have been related to the higher presence of opportunistic and non-harmful weeds, compared with the presence of dangerous weed species. The number of insect families present in inter-rows was probably affected more by the vegetation coverage rate than by the proportion of adjacent non-crop vegetation. However, the occurrence of the Hymenoptera species, often representing beneficial organisms, was related to localities with a high proportion of adjacent non-crop vegetation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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24 pages, 3298 KiB  
Article
Groundcover Mulching in Mediterranean Vineyards Improves Soil Chemical, Physical and Biological Health Already in the Short Term
by Dylan Warren Raffa, Daniele Antichi, Stefano Carlesi, Christian Frasconi, Simone Marini, Simone Priori and Paolo Bàrberi
Agronomy 2021, 11(4), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040787 - 16 Apr 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3211
Abstract
Vineyards are among the land uses with the highest soil degradation rate in Mediterranean Europe, mainly due to intensive tillage management. Therefore, practices able to foster soil health are critical to promote sustainable wine production. We studied the following treatments in two organic [...] Read more.
Vineyards are among the land uses with the highest soil degradation rate in Mediterranean Europe, mainly due to intensive tillage management. Therefore, practices able to foster soil health are critical to promote sustainable wine production. We studied the following treatments in two organic farms in Chianti Classico (Italy): conventional tillage, spontaneous vegetation, pigeon bean (Vicia faba var. minor) incorporated in spring and a mixture of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and squarrosum clover (Trifolium squarrosum), both incorporated and left as mulch. An innovative approach, based on gamma-ray and apparent electrical conductivity, was used to account for the fine-scale soil variability that was included in the statistical model. Mulched groundcovers were associated with higher soil organic matter compared to tillage, already after two years. An increased N availability was found under all groundcovers compared with tillage. The effect of soil management practices on P2O5 strongly varied across farms and years, while it was not statistically significant on K availability. Spontaneous vegetation positively influenced the soil structure index, soil penetration resistance and soil biological health. The results show that mulched groundcovers can improve soil health already in the short term, thereby potentially increasing the sustainability of the wine sector. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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16 pages, 3465 KiB  
Article
Autonomous Mowing and Complete Floor Cover for Weed Control in Vineyards
by Mino Sportelli, Christian Frasconi, Marco Fontanelli, Michel Pirchio, Michele Raffaelli, Simone Magni, Lisa Caturegli, Marco Volterrani, Marco Mainardi and Andrea Peruzzi
Agronomy 2021, 11(3), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030538 - 12 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3276
Abstract
Enhancing vineyards sustainability and reducing herbicides usage is a crucial theme, thus alternative weed management methods are starting to be studied. Cover crops have been shown to provide for several environmental services such as performing an efficient weed control and promoting biodiversity, thus [...] Read more.
Enhancing vineyards sustainability and reducing herbicides usage is a crucial theme, thus alternative weed management methods are starting to be studied. Cover crops have been shown to provide for several environmental services such as performing an efficient weed control and promoting biodiversity, thus improving the sustainability of the overall management system. However, the use of cover crops is usually confined to the interrow area in order to avoid competition with vines. Under-trellis weed management in vineyards is an important challenge, conventionally fulfilled by cultivation or repeated herbicides applications. Autonomous mowers are small autonomous machines that have shown a great efficiency when employed in agricultural contexts. Due to their reduced size, they can easily prevent the excessive vertical growth of weeds both in the interrows and under trellis without the use of chemical applications. The aim of this trial was to evaluate if the combination of cover crop species and autonomous mowers management could improve vineyard sustainability. Vineyard floor cover that was managed with an autonomous mower had a shorter canopy height and a lower weed dry biomass compared to the conventionally managed vineyard floor cover. Vineyard floor management providing cover crops and autonomous mowing had a significantly lower weed cover percentage compared to conventional floor management, especially under-trellis. The results of this trial suggest that the combination of cover crops and autonomous mowers may be a sustainable and reliable technique to include in vineyards floor management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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15 pages, 1228 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Viticulture: Effects of Soil Management in Vitis vinifera
by Eleonora Cataldo, Linda Salvi, Sofia Sbraci, Paolo Storchi and Giovan Battista Mattii
Agronomy 2020, 10(12), 1949; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121949 - 11 Dec 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5493
Abstract
Soil management in vineyards is of fundamental importance not only for the productivity and quality of grapes, both in biological and conventional management, but also for greater sustainability of the production. Conservative soil management techniques play an important role, compared to conventional tillage, [...] Read more.
Soil management in vineyards is of fundamental importance not only for the productivity and quality of grapes, both in biological and conventional management, but also for greater sustainability of the production. Conservative soil management techniques play an important role, compared to conventional tillage, in order to preserve biodiversity, to save soil fertility, and to keep vegetative-productive balance. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate long-term adaptation strategies to create a balance between the vine and the surrounding environment. This work sought to assess the effects of following different management practices on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon during 2017 and 2018 seasons: soil tillage (T), temporary cover cropping over all inter-rows (C), and mulching with plant residues every other row (M). The main physiological parameters of vines (leaf gas exchange, stem water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence, and indirect chlorophyll content) as well as qualitative and quantitative grape parameters (technological and phenolic analyses) were measured. Significant differences in gas exchanges related to the different season and inter-row management were observed. C showed more negative values of water potential, due to the grass–vine competition, especially when water availability was lower. The competition exerted by C led to differences in fruit setting with impact on yield; therefrom, significant differences also in sugar and anthocyanic content were observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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13 pages, 966 KiB  
Article
Recovery from Grapevine Flavescence Dorée in Areas of High Infection Pressure
by Matteo Ripamonti, Davide Pacifico, Chiara Roggia, Sabrina Palmano, Marika Rossi, Nicola Bodino, Cristina Marzachì, Domenico Bosco and Luciana Galetto
Agronomy 2020, 10(10), 1479; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101479 - 27 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3338
Abstract
Flavescence dorée (FD) is a quarantine grapevine disease caused by a phytoplasma transmitted by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball. FD management relies on compulsory insecticide treatments, roguing of infected plants, and substitution with certified material. Some grapevine cultivars show a spontaneous remission of [...] Read more.
Flavescence dorée (FD) is a quarantine grapevine disease caused by a phytoplasma transmitted by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball. FD management relies on compulsory insecticide treatments, roguing of infected plants, and substitution with certified material. Some grapevine cultivars show a spontaneous remission of symptoms (recovery). To determine if recovery is a suitable strategy to co-exist with disease in areas of strong infestation, the qualitative aspects of grapes, musts, and wines obtained from recovered Barbera and Chardonnay grapevines were investigated in two productive vineyards. Following field observations, about 1500 plants in each vineyard were divided into healthy (asymptomatic and negative in phytoplasma molecular diagnosis) and recovered (asymptomatic the year of observation but infected the year before). Maturation curves and microvinification tests followed by oenological and sensory analyses showed that maturation trends of recovered grapes were in line with those from healthy plants and the final qualities of wines were comparable. The spread of FD has strongly increased in Piedmont (Italy) in recent decades. Management strategies to cope with the disease are necessary to preserve traditional wine production. Despite the yield from recovered grapevines is quantitatively lower than that from healthy ones, we showed here that the wine quality is, however, preserved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improvement of Grapevine and Soil Management in Sustainable Viticulture)
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