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Agronomy
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Epidemiology of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
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Epidemiology of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 6193

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marco Scortichini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello, 52, I-00134 Rome, Italy
Interests: detection; host–plant interaction; taxonomy; field control strategies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant pathogenic bacteria are among the main causes of damage to crops everywhere. The global circulation of seeds, tubers, potted plants, and plant parts have largely augmented the risk of their introduction in new areas, as well as the possibility of causing unexpected disease outbreaks. Climate change also poses risks for the adaptation of particular pathogen populations to new environments.

The knowledge of how these microorganisms colonize and multiply within crops and how they spread in the environment is a fundamental prerequisite for obtaining a satisfactory control of disease. For sustainable field control, an understanding of the pathogen cycle of disease is particularly important for tailoring the forecasting models and precision farming tools, and for the distribution of the biocontrol agents and products to the crops. Molecular epidemiology can provide basic information on the pathogen population structure and virulence factors.

This Special Issue aims to provide new and updates information on the various aspects of plant pathogenic bacteria epidemiology. Research articles, communications, and reviews are accepted formats.

Dr. Marco Scortichini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cycle of disease
  • plant colonization
  • epiphytes
  • endophytes
  • virulence
  • climate change
  • sustainable control

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 20105 KiB  
Communication
New Insights on Alternative Hosts of Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Maize
by Talita Vigo Longhi, Renata Rodrigues Robaina, Deived Uilian de Carvalho, Admilton Gonçalves de Oliveira, Rui Pereira Leite Junior and Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña
Agronomy 2023, 13(4), 1073; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041073 - 07 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1397
Abstract
Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of maize (Zea mays), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum (Xvv), was first reported in Brazil in 2018. In this study, we evaluated 52 species of cultivated plants, cover crops, forage, and grasses [...] Read more.
Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of maize (Zea mays), caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum (Xvv), was first reported in Brazil in 2018. In this study, we evaluated 52 species of cultivated plants, cover crops, forage, and grasses that are used in succession or crop rotation with maize, and weeds with natural occurrence in maize-producing regions, to determine their potentials as alternative hosts for Xvv. We investigated (i) the pathogenicity of Xvv based on symptom development, (ii) epiphytic colonization of the bacterium in asymptomatic plants, and (iii) bacterial colonization in plant tissues using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in symptomatic and asymptomatic species. Ten species, all belonging to the Poaceae family, presented symptoms after Xvv infection, including Avena sativa (cvs. IPR Afrodite and IPR Esmeralda), A. strigosa (cv. IPR 161), Hordeum vulgare (cv. BRS Cauê), Oryza sativa (cv. IPR 117), Brachiaria brizantha (Brizantha and cv. Marandu), Digitaria horizontalis, D. insularis, Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine indica, and Sorghum arundinaceum. Furthermore, epiphytic colonization by Xvv was observed in 23 asymptomatic species. Scanning micrographs revealed that Xvv cells and their aggregates were distributed throughout the leaf surface. In addition, bacterial colonization in the intercellular tissues of the substomatal chambers of white oat, black oat, and maize was observed across the tissue fractures. Despite showing typical symptoms of Xvv infection, SEM examination revealed evidence of Xvv colonization only on the leaf surface of rice. In asymptomatic species, such as rye, sorghum, and millet, a low number of bacterial cells were found on the leaf surface. However, no evidence of internal tissue colonization was observed in millet fractures, suggesting that Xvv survives only epiphytically in this species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria)
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9 pages, 18233 KiB  
Article
Epidemiology of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria in Tokat Province
by Zeliha Kayaaslan, Sabriye Belgüzar, Yusuf Yanar and Mustafa Mirik
Agronomy 2023, 13(3), 677; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030677 - 26 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1118
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the life span of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xeu) in seeds, soil and plant residues and the first inoculum source that cause the onset of the disease. The study was carried out in the province of [...] Read more.
This study was carried out to determine the life span of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xeu) in seeds, soil and plant residues and the first inoculum source that cause the onset of the disease. The study was carried out in the province of Tokat. Rifampicin-resistant Xeu isolate was inoculated into soil, seeds and plant residues. As a result of the studies, it was determined that Xeu remained viable in inoculated seeds until the 220th day (7 months), and lived in the soil for 105 days in summer and 14 days in winter. In plant residues, it was determined that the the life span in summer period was 60 days at 0 cm depth, 30 days at 20 cm depth; 30 days at 0 cm depth and 15 days at 20 cm depth in that of winter period. According to the results of this study, it was determined that the Xeu did not survive for a long time in plant residues and soil in Tokat province and thus was not carried to the next year, on the other hand the seed was the most important source of inoculum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria)
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Review

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26 pages, 6743 KiB  
Review
The Epidemiology and Control of “Olive Quick Decline Syndrome” in Salento (Apulia, Italy)
by Marco Scortichini
Agronomy 2022, 12(10), 2475; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102475 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3065
Abstract
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca sequence type 53 was found to be associated with olive trees showing extensive twig and branch dieback and plant death in the Gallipoli area of Salento and the common name of “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS) was given to [...] Read more.
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca sequence type 53 was found to be associated with olive trees showing extensive twig and branch dieback and plant death in the Gallipoli area of Salento and the common name of “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS) was given to the disease. Repeated interceptions in Europe and Italy of ornamental coffee plants originated from Central America, jointly in phylogenetic analyses of many strains of the pathogen, indicated this origin as the most probable source of its introduction in Salento. Drought events could have been conducive to the initial outbreaks of the disease. Subsequently, the pathogen largely spread over the territory according to a “stratified dispersal” model. The high susceptibility of the local cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò, a low soil content of zinc, copper, and manganese, improper pruning, and adverse climatic events could have further contributed to the spread of the pathogen. The polyphagous insect Philaenus spumarius L. is the main vector of the bacterium in the area. The adults were detected X. f. subsp. pauca-positive in early May, and their incidence was higher during spring and early autumn when they efficiently spread the bacterium among the olive trees. Many other host plant species can host the bacterium, and some of them can act as a “reservoir” for the disease spread. The aggressive fungus Neofusicoccum mediterraneum Crous, M.J. Wingf. And A.J.L. Philips, could also be involved in OQDS. A sustainable control strategy for reducing the incidence and severity of X. f. subsp. pauca in the olive groves of Salento that allows the trees to produce is presented and discussed. Resilient trees of Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò have been observed in the heavily infected areas of Salento. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria)
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