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Special Issue "Advances in the Industrial Crops"

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A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 22 December 2023 | Viewed by 3231

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zongchang Xu

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Guest Editor

Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Interests: mechanism of salt stress; saline-alkali soil production; oil crops; medicinal plants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Industrial crops have significantly improved the quality of human life. However, the changing climate and declining soil quality have become major threats to the sustainability of industrial crops, resulting in lower incomes for families, regions, and even countries. Adaptable crop resources, tillage methods, and new ideas that could improve the production and quality of industrial crops should be prioritized. In this regard, industrial crops, including oil crops, fiber crops, medicinal plants, and other important economic crops, such as tobacco, will increasingly become an important topic of research. This Special Issue will consider any aspect of the comprehensive studies of industrial crops, including but not limited to the agronomy, physiology, methods, genetics, and breeding of industrial crops. Studies on the growth and performance of industrial crops under stress, especially saline–alkali stress, are particularly encouraged. In this Special Issue, we aim to exchange knowledge on any aspect related to the yiled, quality, and abiotic stress of industrial crops, thus facilitating their increased adoption and utilization in order to address the challenges faced by humans against the background of a changing climate.

Dr. Zongchang Xu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

industrial crops
yield
quality
cultivation
methods
molecular breeding
abiotic stress
salinity
drought
heat

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 344 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Diallel Crosses of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)—Enhancement of Fiber Properties in Future Cultivars for Burkina Faso

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Agronomy 2023, 13(12), 2864; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13122864 - 21 Nov 2023

Viewed by 398

Abstract

The market value of cotton in exporting countries, such as Burkina Faso, depends on the quality of major fiber properties. A lack of variation among the genetic resources available in Burkina Faso hinders breeding progress to meet fiber quality demands in future cultivars. F₁ populations from a half diallel crossing scheme between lines developed at Texas A&M AgriLife cotton breeding program at Lubbock and germplasm accessed from Burkina Faso were evaluated for fiber property enhancement. Crosses exclusively within common origin materials did not result in highly enhanced hybrids. Hybrids within American materials expressed significant SCA effects undesirable for future cultivars in Burkina Faso. Five hybrids within the Burkina Faso material expressed significant SCA effects: two of them implicating FK37 as the better parent in transmitting superior targeted fiber traits to its progenies. Hybrid FK37xE9 significantly enhanced UHML, Str, UI and SFI but not Mic and Rd. Inter-program hybrids with at least one significant SCA effect were crosses with female American lines and male Burkina Faso parents. Hybrids E53x16-2-216FQ, E53x15-10-610-7 and E32x15-10-610-7 showed significantly improved Str and UI for the most economically important traits, which also include Mic, UHML, SFI, Rd and +b. Together, the GCA and SCA effects, heritability and correlations showed more additive than non-additive gene actions. Therefore, knowledge of the best combiners and hybrids could be used in the cultivar development process to enhance value with improved fiber characteristics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Industrial Crops)

16 pages, 6540 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Analysis of Phospholipase D (PLD) Gene Family in Camelina sativa and Brassica napus and Its Responses in Camelina Seedlings under Salt Stress

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Agronomy 2023, 13(10), 2616; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102616 - 14 Oct 2023

Viewed by 653

Abstract

Phospholipases are among the important elements involved in lipid-dependent cell signaling that lead to the induction of downstream pathways. In the current study, phospholipases D (PLDs) gene family was characterized and compared in two important oilseed crops, Brassica napus and Camelina sativa. The results revealed that PLD has 33 members in Camelina sativa (CsPLD) and 41 members in Brassica napus (BnPLD). All studied PLDs showed a negative GRAVY value, indicating that PLDs are probably hydrophilic proteins. Phylogenetic analysis classified PLDs into five main subfamilies, including gamma, delta, beta, alpha, and zeta. According to evolution analysis, a different evolution process was observed between CsPLD and BnPLD. In addition, the results disclosed that most of the PLD genes have been segmentally duplicated under purifying selection. Cis-regulatory elements related to ABA and auxin responsiveness were found more in the upstream region of CsPLDs, while elements linked with MeJA responsiveness were observed more in the promoter region of BnPLDs. Analysis of the expression data showed that PLD alpha genes have a wide expression in most tissues. Quantitative expression analysis (qPCR) of CsPLD genes under salt stress, 200 mM of NaCl, was conducted in different time series. The results revealed that the CsPLD genes are involved in the response to salinity stress and their expression levels enhance with increasing salinity stress period. The outcomes of this research will be useful for future molecular works related to lipid signaling in oilseed plants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Industrial Crops)

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15 pages, 1692 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification and Evaluation of Diterpenoids from Glandular Trichome Secretions of Air/Sun-Cured Tobacco Germplasm Resources

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Agronomy 2023, 13(9), 2433; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092433 - 21 Sep 2023

Viewed by 542

Abstract

To explore the multipurpose utilization of tobacco germplasm resources, 80 representative air/sun-cured tobacco germplasms were used as experimental materials to determine the composition and content of the diterpenoids of glandular trichome secretions using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to comprehensively evaluate 80 air/sun-cured tobacco germplasms. The results are as follows: (1) 11 chromatographic peaks (Peak1–Peak11) were detected by UPLC, and the coefficient of variation of their contents ranged from 26.3 to 143%. (2) Correlation analysis showed that alpha-cembratriene-diol (α-CBT-diol) and beta-cembratriene-diol (β-CBT-diol) had the highest correlation coefficients (0.97), showing a significantly negative correlation with cis-abienol and a significantly positive correlation with the other diterpenoids. (3) PCA showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components was 75.70%, and the diterpenoid-rich germplasms were ranked in the following order: X40 (Maiduo) > X48 (Jianpingpiaoba) > X58 (Mianzhu) > X54 (Shifangpipaliu) > X63 (Xuejia5) > X41 (Tangpeng) > X29 (OLOR) > X73 (Criollo) > X44 (Tiebanqing) > X70 (Nicaragua Changxin). The diterpenoid content of X36 was the lowest. These results provide excellent germplasm for the extraction and exploitation of the diterpenoids and for genetic studies of their metabolism. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Industrial Crops)

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15 pages, 3275 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveal Anthocyanin Biosynthesis for Petal Color Formation in Catharanthus roseus

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Agronomy 2023, 13(9), 2290; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092290 - 30 Aug 2023

Viewed by 617

Abstract

Catharanthus roseus exhibits vibrant petals and displays robust resistance to disease and drought, making it highly valuable for ornamental and gardening applications. While the application of C. roseus as a source of anticancer drugs has gained considerable attention in recent years, there has been limited investigation into the regulatory mechanism underlying anthocyanin accumulation in the petals of C. roseus. This study comprehensively analyzed the metabolome and transcriptome of three distinct C. roseus varieties exhibiting different petal colors. Out of the 39 identified flavonoids, 10 anthocyanins exhibited significant variations in accumulation, directly contributing to the diverse coloration of C. roseus petals. Among them, malvidin 3-O-glucoside and petunidin 3-O-glucoside were identified as primary contributors to the purple petal phenotype, while peonidin 3-O-glucoside and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside exhibited the highest contribution rates to the red petals. Additionally, the variation content of cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, and petunidin 3-O-rutinoside also influenced the color transformation of C. roseus petals. RNA sequencing identified a total of 4173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1003 overlapping DEGs. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that the coordinately regulated anthocyanin biosynthetic genes including chalcone isomerase (CHS), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) played critical roles in the formation of the anthocyanins. MYB and bHLH transcription factors were also found to be significantly correlated with differences in flower color. These results serve as a foundation for future investigations into anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms in C. roseus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Industrial Crops)

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15 pages, 11202 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification and Analysis of SOD Family Genes in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Their Potential Roles in Stress Responses

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Agronomy 2023, 13(8), 1959; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13081959 - 25 Jul 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 592

Abstract

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are crucial in safeguarding plants against reactive oxygen species (ROS) toxicity caused by abiotic or biotic factors. Although recent research has revealed the involvement of the SOD gene family in plant biological processes, the understanding of the SOD gene family in peanut remains inadequate. This study comprehensively characterizes the SOD gene family in the peanut genome. A total of 25 AhSOD genes were identified and subsequently categorized into three subfamilies: sixteen AhCSDs, six AhFSDs, and three AhMSDs according to the phylogenetic tree. A comprehensive analysis revealed that the AhSOD genes underwent segmental duplications. The majority of AhSOD genes exhibited conserved exon–intron and motif structures within the same subfamily. The examination of cis-acting elements within the promoter regions of SOD genes revealed that the expression of AhSOD was subject to regulation by plant hormones, as well as responses to defense and stress. RNA-seq analysis showed expression diversity of AhSOD genes in various tissues and cold, drought, and salt stresses. Furthermore, the regulation of AhSOD gene expression is anticipated to involve numerous transcription factors. The gene ontology annotation results validate the role of AhSOD genes in various stress stimuli, SOD activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic processes, and cellular oxidant detoxification processes. This investigation serves as the initial genome-wide analysis of the AhSOD gene family, providing a basis for comprehending the function of the AhSOD gene family and enhancing plant tolerance to cold, drought, and salt stresses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Industrial Crops)

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