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Open AccessArticle

Comparative Transcriptome of Isonuclear Alloplasmic Strain Revealed the Important Role of Mitochondrial Genome in Regulating Flammulina filiformis

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Agronomy 2023, 13(4), 998; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13040998 - 28 Mar 2023

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The golden–needle mushroom Flammulina filiformis is one of the most precious cultivated edible fungi in the world. Despite recent progress in the study of F. filiformis, there is still a gap in the regulation of the mitochondrial genome during browning, which poses a serious threat to the golden–needle mushroom industry. Comparative transcriptome analysis of two isonuclear alloplasmic strains showed that changes in the mitochondrial genome lead to different gene expression and key biological pathways at different stages in the two isonuclear alloplasmic strains. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that the mitochondrial genome has a significant role in the regulation of a multitude of critical metabolic pathways relating to the browning of F. filiformis fruiting bodies. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in many vital processes of mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane, and multiple amino acid metabolisms of F. filiformis. Taken together, the current study highlights the crucial role of the mitochondrial genome in the growth of F. filiformis and could be beneficial to genetic breeding of elite varieties of edible fungi. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Sustainable Agricultural Production: Technology and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

Differences in Soil Microbiota of Continuous Cultivation of Ganoderma leucocontextum

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Agronomy 2023, 13(3), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030888 - 17 Mar 2023

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The tendency of microbiota changes in the soil of Ganoderma leucocontextum continuous cultivation is investigated by high-throughput sequencing technology. Medium bag cultivation of G. leucocontextum with uncultivated soil significantly increased the organic matter (OM), hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content of soil. The relative abundance of the dominant beneficial bacteria (Sphingomonas spp., Mucilaginibacter spp., Bryobacter spp., and Bradyrhizobium spp.) for G. leucocontextum continuous cultivation, was decreased in the soil. Mortierella spp. and Pyrenochaeta spp. were the dominant fungi with negative effects on G. leucocontextum cultivation in the soil. The correlations between the microbiota and soil physicochemical properties indicated that continuous cultivation not only caused changes in the soil physicochemical factors but also affected the structure of dominant microbial communities, especially bacteria and environmental factors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Sustainable Agricultural Production: Technology and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

Regulation of Polyethylene Nano-Packaging on Postharvest Stipe Elongation of Flammulina velutipes

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Agronomy 2022, 12(10), 2362; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102362 - 30 Sep 2022

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Abstract

Stipe elongation is one of the main characteristics of the postharvest quality deterioration of Flammulina velutipes fruiting bodies. In order to reduce the postharvest stipe elongation of F. velutipes and prolong its shelf life, in this study, using polyethylene (PE) packaging and unpackaged treatments as controls, the effects of a polyethylene nano-packaging on postharvest stipe elongation of F. velutipes were investigated and its regulatory mechanisms were explored from the physiological and biochemical aspects. The results showed that the CO₂ content in polyethylene nano-packaging boxes was higher than in control boxes, and the O₂ content was lower than in the control group, indicating that nano-packaging could reduce F. velutipes respiration during low-temperature storage. The stipe elongation rate, chitinase activity, and β-1,3-glucanase activities of F. velutipes were lower in the nano-packaging group than in PE-packaged and unpackaged control groups, and the nano-packaging inhibited the increase in chitin and β-glucan, the main components of the cell wall. The levels of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and cytokinin (CTK) were also lower in the nano-packaged group than in controls at most timepoints. After 18 d of storage, polyethylene nano-packaging inhibited the stipe elongation of fruiting bodies, and maintained mushroom quality, with stipe elongation of only 34.7% and 76.7% of PE-packaged and unpackaged control groups, respectively. The results showed that nano-packaging could effectively inhibit the harvest stipe elongation and prolong the shelf quality of F. velutipes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Sustainable Agricultural Production: Technology and Applications)

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