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Agronomy
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Production of Dihaploids of Crop Plants through Androgenesis, Gynogenesis, Wide...
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Production of Dihaploids of Crop Plants through Androgenesis, Gynogenesis, Wide Crossing and Other Techniques

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 4369

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Małgorzata Podwyszyńska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Biology, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Interests: horticulture crops; breeding; genetics; double haploids, polyploids; flow cytometry; plant physiology; biotic and abiotic stress; in vitro techniques; genetic analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Agnieszka Kiełkowska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29-Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
Interests: plant breeding; plant in vitro cultures; haploidization; in vitro flowering; protoplast cultures and fusion; biotic and abiotic stress; plant cytology; resin preparations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Haploids are plants with a gametic number of chromosomes (n). After doubling the chromosome number, spontaneously or with the use of antimitotic agents, double haploids are obtained. Double haploids are homozygous plants that are extremely useful for breeding and genetic studies. In breeding, the production of doubled haploids significantly shortens the process of obtaining homozygous lines and can replace the long-lasting inbreeding. There are several methods of haploidisation. One of them is androgenesis, which covers regeneration of the haploid plant from immature pollen grains. Another method is gynogenesis, which involves the regeneration of the plant from the haploid cells of the female gametophyte. Haploids can be also obtained through the elimination of chromosomes after the wide crossing of individuals of two species or two genera. In this method at the early stages of hybrid embryo development, the genome of the pollen donor species is gradually eliminated. The latest technique for obtaining haploids is based on the targeted manipulation of centromere-specific histone protein (CENH3), inactivating the CENH3.

This Special Issue will focus on recent advances in the production of haploids and dihaploids using the abovementioned techniques, including the different methods of homozygosity verification in regenerants.

Research articles, review articles, as well as short communications are welcome.

Dr. Małgorzata Podwyszyńska
Dr. Agnieszka Kiełkowska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • haploids
  • doubled haploids
  • dihaploids
  • crop plants
  • androgenesis
  • gynogenesis
  • wide crossing
  • chromosome elimination
  • CENH3-modified lines

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 875 KiB  
Communication
Influence of Polyamines on Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) Gynogenesis
by Waldemar Kiszczak, Urszula Kowalska, Maria Burian, Małgorzata Podwyszyńska and Krystyna Górecka
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020537 - 13 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 993
Abstract
The influence of polyamines (PAs), putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) on the efficiency of gynogenesis in ovule cultures of red beet (syn. beetroot) (Beta vulgaris L. vulgaris) cultivar “Czerwona Kula” and breeding accessions no. 3/2010 and no. 7/2008 was investigated. The [...] Read more.
The influence of polyamines (PAs), putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) on the efficiency of gynogenesis in ovule cultures of red beet (syn. beetroot) (Beta vulgaris L. vulgaris) cultivar “Czerwona Kula” and breeding accessions no. 3/2010 and no. 7/2008 was investigated. The effect of Put on the process of plant regeneration from gynogenetic embryos was studied. The response to the applied PAs was strongly dependent on the genotype. In “Czerwona Kula”, an increase in the number of obtained embryos was achieved by using each of the two PAs in the B5 medium. The effect of Spd was stronger. Put added to the regeneration medium at the concentration of 0.5 mg L−1 increased the number of obtained plants. All shoots placed on the rooting medium supplemented with 160 mg L−1 Put formed roots. The distribution of ploidy and homozygosity of gynogenetic plants depended on the genotype. Of the tested genotypes, the highest number of haploid plants, 68%, was obtained in red beet “Czerwona Kula”. The highest percentage of homozygotes, 69% for the glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI, E.C.5.3.1.9) isoenzyme and 100% for the aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, E.C.2.6.1.1) isoenzyme, was obtained in the population of gynogenetic plants of cultivar “Czerwona Kula”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production of Dihaploids of Crop Plants through Androgenesis, Gynogenesis, Wide Crossing and Other Techniques)
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Review

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25 pages, 2630 KiB  
Review
History and Current Status of Haploidization in Carrot (Daucus carota L.)
by Agnieszka Kiełkowska and Waldemar Kiszczak
Agronomy 2023, 13(3), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030676 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2796
Abstract
The induction of haploid cell development into normal plants enables the production of doubled haploid lines, which are homozygous and can be used in breeding programs as an alternative to conventionally derived inbred lines. In this paper, we present the historical background and [...] Read more.
The induction of haploid cell development into normal plants enables the production of doubled haploid lines, which are homozygous and can be used in breeding programs as an alternative to conventionally derived inbred lines. In this paper, we present the historical background and current status of the attempts of haploid induction in carrot (Daucus carota L.). Economically, carrot is one of the most important vegetables. It is an outcrossing diploid (2n = 2x = 18) species. Nowadays, the seeds of hybrid cultivars constitute the majority of the carrot seeds sold in the world. Hybrid cultivars of carrot are produced using inbred populations. Inbreeding in this species is difficult due to an inbreeding depression and is also time-consuming, as it is a biennial crop. Therefore, the implementation of the haploidization technology into the breeding programs of carrot is of high interest. Androgenesis, gynogenesis and induced parthenogenesis are the methods that have been used for haploid induction, and their potential in haploidization of carrot is discussed. The centromere-specific histone 3 variant (CENH3) and its manipulation in carrot is also acknowledged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production of Dihaploids of Crop Plants through Androgenesis, Gynogenesis, Wide Crossing and Other Techniques)
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