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Agronomy
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Progress in Viticulture
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Progress in Viticulture

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 6267

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Massimo Bertamini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
Interests: abiotic stress; arboriculture; biodiversity; management techniques; fruit ripening; grapevine; plant physiology; viticulture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Michele Faralli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
Interests: crop physiology; gas exchange; photosynthesis; stomata; phenotyping; abiotic stress tolerance; yield and yield components; quality traits; grapevine; canopy management; viticulture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops in Mediterranean climates. Climate change is increasingly imposing challenges to viticulture due to the interactive effect of limited available water, high temperatures, and elevated [CO2] on grapevine physiology, productivity, and berry quality. Novel management techniques and breeding efforts are therefore needed to mitigate the above negative effects in the short to long term.

The proposed Special Issue on “Progress in Viticulture” aims to present advanced studies, methods, tools, and cutting-edge innovations applied in the field of grapevine production and management under climate change scenarios. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, novel management strategies for specific quality traits; methods for the early estimation of yield and stress; stress management and the reduction of water consumption; the integrated and organic management of pests, diseases, and weeds; breeding innovations; pre-breeding efforts; IoT and DSS systems; precision viticulture for sustainable vineyard management; and automation and autonomous driving in viticulture mechanization.

Prof. Dr. Massimo Bertamini
Dr. Michele Faralli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • viticulture
  • climate change
  • water management
  • canopy management
  • rootstock
  • ripening dynamics
  • water and heat stress
  • photosynthesis and transpiration dynamics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 5643 KiB  
Article
Improvement in Physiochemical Characteristics of ‘Prime Seedless’ Grapes by Basal Defoliation with Foliar-Sprayed Low-Biuret Urea and Cyanocobalamin under Mediterranean Climate
by Ahmed F. Abd El-Khalek, Yasser S. A. Mazrou, Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti, Ashraf A. Awadeen, Shimaa M. M. El-Mogy, Mosaad A. El-Kenawy, Bassam E. A. Belal, Mahmoud A. Mohamed, Islam F. Hassan, Hassan F. El-Wakeel, Abeer H. Makhlouf, Alaa El-Din K. Omar and Shamel M. Alam-Eldein
Agronomy 2024, 14(4), 815; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040815 - 14 Apr 2024
Viewed by 443
Abstract
In viticulture, the main target is to achieve high yield and good fruit quality without compromising vine growth. Methods to achieve this balance will vary with regard to climate and cultivar. A two-year study was conducted on five-year-old ‘Prime Seedless’ grapevines to evaluate [...] Read more.
In viticulture, the main target is to achieve high yield and good fruit quality without compromising vine growth. Methods to achieve this balance will vary with regard to climate and cultivar. A two-year study was conducted on five-year-old ‘Prime Seedless’ grapevines to evaluate the effect of leaf defoliation and the foliar application of low-biuret urea (LBU) and cyanocobalamin (CCA) on berry set percentage, the compactness coefficient of the clusters and the overall quality of clusters and berries. The removal of the first four basal leaves was conducted at the full-bloom (FB) stage, while LBU (5 g·L−1) and CCA (40 mg·L−1) were sprayed at three phenological stages: (1) when the cluster length reached ~10 cm long, (2) at FB and (3) one week after the fruit set. The results demonstrated that the sole application of basal leaf removal (BLR) or in combination with LBU and/or CCA improved the vegetative growth, total yield and physiochemical characteristics of clusters and berries, whereas the same treatments decreased berry set and shot berry percentages and the compactness coefficient of the clusters, which in turn led to looser clusters compared to the control. The most pronounced effect was recorded for the combined application of BLR, LBU and CCA, which revealed the highest values of shoot length, leaf area and the contents of chlorophyll, proline, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn. The same treatment recorded the lowest berry set and shot berry percentages, compactness coefficient of clusters and decay percentage. Overall, this treatment was the best in terms of total yield, cluster weight, berry firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), the SSC/acid ratio, total sugars, total carotenoids, total phenols, phenylalanine ammonialyase and polyphenol oxidase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Viticulture)
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18 pages, 795 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on a Dry-Farmed Vitis vinifera L. cv. Zinfandel Vineyard as a Function of Vine Age
by Jocelyn Alvarez Arredondo, Jose Muñoz, L. Federico Casassa and Jean Catherine Dodson Peterson
Agronomy 2023, 13(8), 1998; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13081998 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 721
Abstract
With natural rainfall and surface water availability becoming scarce, prolonged droughts are expected to become more frequent, thereby creating issues for agriculture. In viticulture, a lack of rainfall is often supplemented with irrigation during the growing season and/or dormancy. However, with surface and [...] Read more.
With natural rainfall and surface water availability becoming scarce, prolonged droughts are expected to become more frequent, thereby creating issues for agriculture. In viticulture, a lack of rainfall is often supplemented with irrigation during the growing season and/or dormancy. However, with surface and groundwater resources declining in addition to current changes in rainfall patterns, it is unlikely that supplemental irrigation will continue to be an available tool for most growers. As such, this study aims to evaluate the effect of dry farming and supplemental irrigation during the growing season on vine performance and fruit composition as a function of vine age in Zinfandel grapevines. A historically dry-farmed vineyard block with interplanted vines of varying ages was evaluated during the 2021 growing season. Treatments included young vines (5–12 years old), control vines (2:1 ratio of old to young vines representative of the block), and old vines (40–60 years old); each age designation included irrigated and dry-farmed vines. Based on age-specific ETc and to replenish 95% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), irrigation was manually applied to the irrigated treatment vines at véraison and véraison + 4 weeks. Results indicated no significant changes in phenological progression, leaf senescence, or physical berry analysis when irrigation was added to dry-farmed vines, as most differences were driven by vine age in most parameters measured. Irrigated vines were slightly more advanced in phenological growth and senescence progression compared to dry-farmed vines. Results suggest that the practice of applying supplemental irrigation during the growing season, provided winter rainfall or additional winter irrigation is sufficient, does not have significant impacts on vine performance. Thus, dry farming during the growing season is a reasonable alternative practice in Zinfandel, even in periods of drought. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Viticulture)
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19 pages, 937 KiB  
Article
Effect of Rootstock on Vineyard Establishment Using Green-Growing Benchgrafts
by Jose R. Munoz, Jr., Samantha J. Stauch, Jennifer Wootten, Matthew Kitchen, Matteo Abreu, Christian Jose Rodriguez, L. Federico Casassa, James A. Wolpert and Jean Catherine Dodson Peterson
Agronomy 2023, 13(6), 1586; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13061586 - 12 Jun 2023
Viewed by 962
Abstract
Demand for vine plant material has increased drastically due to the ongoing expansion of viticulture, and recent widespread replanting efforts. Nurseries and growers are turning to green-grafted vines to meet demand. Unfortunately, most vineyard establishment studies have centered around dormant benchgrafted vines. Thus, [...] Read more.
Demand for vine plant material has increased drastically due to the ongoing expansion of viticulture, and recent widespread replanting efforts. Nurseries and growers are turning to green-grafted vines to meet demand. Unfortunately, most vineyard establishment studies have centered around dormant benchgrafted vines. Thus, little is known regarding the specific establishment trends of green-growing benchgrafts. This study aimed to explore the role rootstock selection has in green-growing benchgraft establishment and development over the first four years post-planting. Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc was grafted onto multiple rootstocks of varying parentage, including ‘101-14MGT’ (V. riparia × V. rupestris), ‘1103P’ (V. berlandieri × V. rupestris), ‘110R’ (V. berlandieri × V. rupestris), ‘420A MGT’ (V. berlandieri × V. riparia), and ‘Teleki 5C’ (V. berlandieri × V. riparia). The experimental site was organized using a completely randomized design (n = 12) with all vines managed to industry-standard cultural practices. Vines grafted onto 1103P had the largest average trunk diameter (p = 0.0012) and circumference (p < 0.0001) at 22.2 mm and 7.57 cm, respectively. Vines grafted onto 110R had the second-largest trunk circumference at 6.65 cm. Vines grafted onto 110R had the largest concentration of total non-structural carbohydrates at planting at 1.47 g/L, followed by 1103P at 1.25 g/L (p < 0.0001). Total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in the trunk during dormancy was the highest in 110R at 16.0% total dry weight (p = 0.0008). The larger trunk size and more extensive carbohydrate reserves suggest that green-growing benchgrafts using 110R or 1103P have a higher capacity and likelihood of establishment success. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Viticulture)
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16 pages, 3678 KiB  
Article
Assessing Grapevine Water Status by Integrating Vine Transpiration, Leaf Gas Exchanges, Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Sap Flow Measurements
by Fadwa Benyahia, Flávio Bastos Campos, Ahmed Ben Abdelkader, Boris Basile, Massimo Tagliavini, Carlo Andreotti and Damiano Zanotelli
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020464 - 04 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1713
Abstract
A precise knowledge of the grapevine responses to increasing level of water stress is of the utmost relevance for an effective application of deficit irrigation strategies in viticulture. Against this background, a study was conducted on potted grapevines subjected to two ten-day drought [...] Read more.
A precise knowledge of the grapevine responses to increasing level of water stress is of the utmost relevance for an effective application of deficit irrigation strategies in viticulture. Against this background, a study was conducted on potted grapevines subjected to two ten-day drought cycles to assess their water status by integrating the information derived from different physiological indexes including whole-plant transpiration (measured gravimetrically and with sap flow sensors), leaf gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence. When soil water availability was not limited, vine transpiration rate was determined mainly by environmental factors and ranged between 0.5 and 2 L day−1 m−2 of leaf surface. Transpiration was affected by the soil water availability only when water stress became evident (midday stem water potential < −1 MPa), with vines showing a strong limitation of the stomata functioning (stomatal conductance < 0.05 mol m−2 s−1) and, consequently, low transpiration rates (<0.5 L m−2 d−1). Transpiration rates measured with the sap flow sensors were correlated with those measured gravimetrically, showing daily patterns that were highly affected by the intensity of the water stress. Nevertheless, these sensors highly underestimated actual transpiration rates, limiting their reliability for vineyard irrigation management. At the end of the second drought cycle, vines showed very limited responses to daily changes in environmental conditions (same photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance at morning, midday and afternoon), likely reflecting a carryover stress effect from the first drought cycle and an incomplete physiological recovery before the beginning of the second. Evidence of the severe water stress reached by vines was also given by the high value of the quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation (Y(NO) higher than 0.4) found at the end of the first drought cycle. Taken together, the obtained results integrate the current knowledge on water stress development in grapevine, also highlighting the relevance of specific physiological indexes that could be used effectively for the correct management of deficit strategies in viticulture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Viticulture)
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14 pages, 2126 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Effects of Early Pruning, Leaf Removal, and Shoot Thinning on ‘MidSouth’ Grapes over Two Consecutive Vintages in South Mississippi
by Haley N. Williams, Eric T. Stafne, Yan Zhang and Sam K.C. Chang
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020368 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1649
Abstract
Yield components and fruit composition of ‘MidSouth’, an interspecific hybrid bunch grape (Vitis spp.) with relatively low total soluble solids and high titratable acidity, was evaluated in south Mississippi to determine if treatments consisting of early pruning, early pruning with pre-bloom leaf [...] Read more.
Yield components and fruit composition of ‘MidSouth’, an interspecific hybrid bunch grape (Vitis spp.) with relatively low total soluble solids and high titratable acidity, was evaluated in south Mississippi to determine if treatments consisting of early pruning, early pruning with pre-bloom leaf removal, normal pruning with post-fruit set leaf removal, or normal pruning in one study, or post-fruit set leaf removal, post-fruit set shoot thinning, or neither leaf removal nor shoot thinning in a second study could improve these qualities. Early pruning with leaf removal reduced berries per cluster, cluster weights, yields, and Ravaz index. Early pruning treatments had inconsistent results from year to year, and normal pruning treatments were not often significantly different. Shoot thinned vines had lower yields and Ravaz index and higher total soluble solids. Second study leaf removal vines had lower juice pH in 2020 and lower yield per vine in 2021. These findings show that ‘MidSouth’ can be altered by these practices, but they did not appear to sufficiently alter ‘MidSouth’ quality. Thus, early pruning with or without leaf removal, normal pruning with leaf removal, and shoot thinning are not recommended for ‘MidSouth’ in south Mississippi, and normal pruning without these practices should be continued. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Viticulture)
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