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Agriculture
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Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases
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Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Protection, Diseases, Pests and Weeds".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 9131

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Aocheng Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: soil-borne disease; chemical control; soil fumigation; control efficacy; crop yield; economic assessment
Dr. Dongdong Yan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: soil fumigation; soil nematode; soil microorganism; determination of soil quality; assessment of soil health
Dr. Wensheng Fang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: soil-borne disease; soil microbe; soil amelioration; soil fumigation; plant health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the development of protected agriculture and continuous cultivation of high-value crops, a large number of pathogenic fungi, bacteria and insect eggs accumulate in the soil. Soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt, root rot, bacterial wilt and root-knot nematodes occur frequently. Soil-borne diseases are becoming increasingly serious. Due to the high multiple cropping index, less fallow and crop rotation, soil-borne diseases are more serious in agricultural cultivation in some developing countries than in developed countries, resulting in a significant decline in crop yield and quality, which restricts the cultivation and sustainable development of protected cultivation. Irrational application of pesticides and fertilizers in the management of soil-borne diseases also leads to deterioration of soil quality. Scientific treatment of soil-borne diseases is an important approach to improve the quality of farmland.

This Special Issue welcomes original research papers, short communications and reviews focusing on the following topics: transmission and epidemics of soil-borne disease, diagnosis and identification of soil-borne diseases, pathogenesis of soil-borne diseases, chemical and biological control of soil-borne diseases, soil disinfection technologies, new products of soil fumigants, formulation and application methods for soil fumigants, mode of action of soil fumigants, environmental behavior of soil fumigants, ecological and environmental effects of soil fumigants, economic assessment of soil-borne disease management products and technologies.

Prof. Dr. Aocheng Cao
Dr. Dongdong Yan
Dr. Wensheng Fang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil-borne diseases
  • replant disease
  • Fusarium spp.
  • Ralstonia solanacearum
  • root-knot nematode
  • soil-borne virus
  • chemical control
  • control efficacy
  • pre-plant fumigation
  • soil fumigant
  • soil disinfestation technologies
  • biological control agent
  • horticultural crops
  • economic assessment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2047 KiB  
Article
Plastic Mulching Effects on Cotton Seedling and Wilt Disease, Lint Yields, and Yield Components
by Xingmei You, Jingru Zhang, Yannan Xue, Ruikai Zhang, Siwen Zhang, Chuanwang Li and Xiaoming Xia
Agriculture 2024, 14(3), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030401 - 01 Mar 2024
Viewed by 572
Abstract
Plastic mulching is a widely used intensive planting system for cotton production in China. For the present study, the effects of three plastic mulching treatments (i.e., NDNM: normal sowing date with no plastic mulching as a positive control, NDM: normal sowing date with [...] Read more.
Plastic mulching is a widely used intensive planting system for cotton production in China. For the present study, the effects of three plastic mulching treatments (i.e., NDNM: normal sowing date with no plastic mulching as a positive control, NDM: normal sowing date with plastic mulching, and LDM: sowing 7 days late with plastic mulching) were studied in the field on seedling disease, Verticillium wilt, and Fusarium wilt as well as on the lint yield in cotton from 2019 to 2020. The treatment effects were evaluated based on the disease incidence (DI) and disease severity index (DSI), seedling fresh weights, lint yields, and yield components. For all cultivars (SCRC28, SCRC21, and Jimian11), both the DIs and DSIs of the seedling disease were lower in the LDM treatment than in the NDNM and NDM treatments. The DIs and DSIs of Fusarium wilt for all the cultivars were higher in the NDNM treatment than in the NDM and LDM treatments. However, the DIs and DSIs for Verticillium wilt were lower in the NDNM treatment. Moreover, the seedling fresh weights, average lint yields, and boll numbers per square meter were all highest in the NDM treatment and lowest in the NDNM treatment. The results of this study demonstrated that the use of plastic mulching with a suitable seed sowing date would be an appropriate cultural practice for enhancing cotton production and reducing the severity of cotton seedling and Fusarium wilt disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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16 pages, 1827 KiB  
Article
Response of Strawberry Fruit Yield, Soil Chemical and Microbial Properties to Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation with Biochar and Rice Bran
by Zhaoxin Song, Dongdong Yan, Wensheng Fang, Daqi Zhang, Xi Jin, Yuan Li, Qiuxia Wang, Guirong Wang, Qingjie Li and Aocheng Cao
Agriculture 2023, 13(7), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13071466 - 24 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1590
Abstract
Organic materials added to soil create anaerobic conditions that can reduce soil-borne pathogens that reduce the yield and quality of agricultural crops. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) requires relatively large quantities of readily available, inexpensive organic materials. We evaluated the impact of ASD with [...] Read more.
Organic materials added to soil create anaerobic conditions that can reduce soil-borne pathogens that reduce the yield and quality of agricultural crops. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) requires relatively large quantities of readily available, inexpensive organic materials. We evaluated the impact of ASD with rice bran and biochar organic materials on changes to the soil’s physicochemical properties, microbial taxa, and strawberry fruit yield. We found that the organic materials applied at different dose rates significantly increased the control effect of the soil Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. to 69–99% and 63–98%, respectively. In addition, ASD significantly increased soil organic matter and ammonium nitrogen contents. Strawberry yield also increased significantly after ASD treatment with biochar applied at 10 t/ha, which was positively correlated with increased soil nutrients and a significant reduction in pathogens. High-throughput gene sequencing showed that ASD significantly increased the abundance of some beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Mortierella, possibly due to changes in the soil’s physicochemical properties that favored their survival. We found for the first time that biochar applied at 10 t/ha could create anaerobic conditions that effectively reduced soil-borne pathogens and increased crop yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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10 pages, 2208 KiB  
Article
Survival Dynamics of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Tr58 in Conidia- and Chlamydospore-Amended Soils with Different Moisture Levels
by Qiulin Cao, Yao Liang, Ying Tian, Hua Lian, Xiliang Jiang and Mei Li
Agriculture 2023, 13(2), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020238 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1591
Abstract
Two types of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Tr58 propagules, conidia and chlamydospores, were added to soils with different moisture levels. The survival dynamics of Tr58 in soils were determined. There are positive linear relationships between soil moisture levels and germination rates of the two propagules. [...] Read more.
Two types of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Tr58 propagules, conidia and chlamydospores, were added to soils with different moisture levels. The survival dynamics of Tr58 in soils were determined. There are positive linear relationships between soil moisture levels and germination rates of the two propagules. In natural non-sterilized soil, the germination of more than 95% conidia and 60% chlamydospores was inhibited, while a high soil moisture content and sterilization were beneficial to spore germination. The inhibitory effect of soil with 80% moisture content on the germination of chlamydospores was almost completely eliminated after sterilization. Twelve months after the conidia inoculated to the natural soil, the Tr58 propagules decreased continuously, which was hastened in soils with lower moisture content and almost near zero 24 months later, in all soils. In chlamydospore-amended soils, the Tr58 propagules generally showed a dynamic process of decreasing in the first month, increasing in the 2nd month, and then decreasing gradually. The average Tr58 content in chlamydospore-amended soils with 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80% moisture content was 19.2 times that of conidia-amended soils at 12 months. At 24 months, the Tr58 content was about 2.2% of the initial Tr58 content and 114 times that of conidia in soils with 20% moisture content. However, for 80% moisture content, the Tr58 content in soil was 0.0038% of the initial content of Tr58. According to the results of this study, 10–20% soil moisture content was the most favorable for the long-term survival of Tr58, and the survival ability of chlamydospores was stronger than that of conidia and had greater application potential in disease control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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13 pages, 3302 KiB  
Article
Uniform Root Layer Application at Optimal Timing Can Effectively Improve Root-Knot Nematode Disease Control in Rui Yam
by Rong Zeng, Wensheng Fang, Xinshen Li, Shuijin Huang, Xi Wang, Qingyou Zhou, Qiuxia Wang, Aocheng Cao, Yang Sun and Juling Hua
Agriculture 2022, 12(12), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122031 - 28 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1347
Abstract
Root-knot nematode disease seriously threatens the production of Rui yams, making it important to explore effective management strategies, including the optimal time for disease control and efficient application techniques. In this study, we monitored the dynamics of a root-knot nematode J2 population in [...] Read more.
Root-knot nematode disease seriously threatens the production of Rui yams, making it important to explore effective management strategies, including the optimal time for disease control and efficient application techniques. In this study, we monitored the dynamics of a root-knot nematode J2 population in the soil using field sampling; moreover, we investigated the dynamics of root-knot nematode disease using a field sampling and visual in situ device based on identifying species of root-knot nematodes in Rui yams. Additionally, experiments pertaining to optimal application time and techniques were conducted in Ruichang and Nanchang. This is the first study to propose that chemical control should be optimally timed, with one application administered at the time of yam seedling flush, and another given approximately 60 days later. Applications of a 41.7% fluopyram suspension (1426 g.a.i./hm2) and a 30% fosthiazate microencapsulated suspension (2925 g.a.i./hm2) achieved disease control effects of 81.56–83.15% and 75.95–78.42%, respectively. Additionally, the comparative analysis demonstrated that using uniform root layer application technology at the optimal time produces a control effect exceeding 80%, which is significantly higher than conventional techniques such as drip irrigation and root irrigation. These results provide theoretical and technical support for the efficient control of root-knot nematode disease in Rui yams. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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15 pages, 2048 KiB  
Article
The Appropriate Particle Size of Dazomet Can Ensure the Soil Fumigation Effect from the Source
by Daqi Zhang, Lirui Ren, Wenjing Li, Qing Wang, Shenyan Liu, Xi Jin, Wensheng Fang, Dongdong Yan, Yuan Li, Qiuxia Wang, Qingli Han, Lin He and Aocheng Cao
Agriculture 2022, 12(11), 1832; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12111832 - 02 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1177
Abstract
Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that has been used for decades at many countries, however it was reported to have caused phytotoxicity and reduced crop yield in many countries. In this experiment, in order to clarify whether the diameter of DZ is [...] Read more.
Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that has been used for decades at many countries, however it was reported to have caused phytotoxicity and reduced crop yield in many countries. In this experiment, in order to clarify whether the diameter of DZ is related to phytotoxicity, this research investigated the degradation rate of DZ with different diameter ranges under three soil types held at 15, 20 or 30% soil water content at 4, 15, 25 or 37 °C, and monitored concentrations of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) produced when Shunyi soil was fumigated with DZ using the different particle sizes ranges. When the soil water content and temperature increased, the degradation rate of DZ with different particle sizes accelerated. However, the degradation rate of DZ with large particle sizes was still lower than small particle sizes. NO3−-N, available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), pH and silt content in the soil were all significantly positively correlated with <100 μm DZ, and significantly negatively correlated with 300–400 μm and >400 μm DZ. However, organic matter (OM) and sand content produced the opposite result. The maximum concentration of MITC produced by 100–300 μm of DZ in 25 °C Shunyi soil at 30% water content were 102.2 mg/kg at 24 h. DZ produced peaks significantly higher and earlier at 30% than at 20% soil water content. We recommend selecting DZ manufactured with particle in the range of 100 to 300 μm, fumigating at about 25 °C and ensuring that about 30% soil water content is present in the soil immediately after fumigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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Graphical abstract

11 pages, 1203 KiB  
Article
Effects of Granule Size Ranges on Dazomet Degradation and Its Persistence with Different Environmental Factors
by Lirui Ren, Wenjing Li, Qingjie Li, Daqi Zhang, Wensheng Fang, Yuan Li, Qiuxia Wang, Xi Jin, Dongdong Yan and Aocheng Cao
Agriculture 2022, 12(5), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050674 - 09 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1422
Abstract
Pesticides are considered the most effective way to protect crops. However, irrational use has caused resources waste and environmental pollution. Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that has been used in many countries for decades, although it has caused occasional crop damage or [...] Read more.
Pesticides are considered the most effective way to protect crops. However, irrational use has caused resources waste and environmental pollution. Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that has been used in many countries for decades, although it has caused occasional crop damage or insufficient control efficacy in some circumstances. In this study, the effects of DZ’s granule size and exposure to various environmental conditions on DZ degradation when used as a fumigant were demonstrated. The degradation rate of DZ was closely related to granule size. The half-life of larger DZ granules was longer than smaller granules with all studied environmental factors. The degradation rate decreased as the DZ usage (90–360 mg/kg) increased and different granule sizes showed the same variation trend. The half-life in each of the five granule size ranges tested decreased significantly as the temperature increased. DZ half-life decreased by 4.67–6.59 times as the temperature increased from 4 to 35 °C. Moreover, DZ usage and temperature affected the half-life of granules >400 and 300–400 μm in diameter significantly more than <100 μm granules. The half-life of all DZ granule sizes was reduced by 13.9–47.4% in alkaline compared to acidic conditions (pH from 9 to 5). Moreover, elevated temperatures could not only promote the production of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) but accelerate its dissipation. The interactions between DZ granule size, dosage, temperature, and pH provide practical guidance on methods to improve DZ’s efficacy against pests and reduce the risk of phytotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Diseases)
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