Recent Developments in Ultrasound Applications

A special issue of Acoustics (ISSN 2624-599X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 10509

Special Issue Editor

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
Interests: engineering properties of contaminated soils; centrifugal modeling of contaminant transport; micro-mechanics; reuse of contaminated soils; ultrasound research; underground infrastructure initiative; nanobubbles; Sustainable Waste Management
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ultrasound is a rapidly evolving technology with a multitude of recent applications due to recent advances in material technology. This recent ultrasonic technology developments include: i) new materials and components; ii) wave propagation and associated phenomena; and iii) types of measuring techniques. These new ultrasound applications can be divided into low- and high-intensity groups (i.e., power, energy or amplitude). Usually, low-intensity applications using both low and high frequencies are used in NDT, while high-intensity applications using both low and high frequencies are used in cleaning operations associated with sono chemistry. In this Special Issue of Acoustics, we are soliciting manuscripts on recent advances in ultrasound technology.

Prof. Dr. Jay N. Meegoda
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Piezo crystals
  • High frequency
  • High intensity
  • Sono chemistry
  • Ultrasound
  • Wave propagation
  • NDT

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2764 KiB  
Article
Limitations of Curl and Directional Filters in Elastography
by Kevin J. Parker
Acoustics 2023, 5(2), 575-585; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020035 - 16 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1325
Abstract
In the approaches to elastography, two mathematical operations have been frequently applied to improve the final estimate of shear wave speed and shear modulus of tissues. The vector curl operator can separate out the transverse component of a complicated displacement field, and directional [...] Read more.
In the approaches to elastography, two mathematical operations have been frequently applied to improve the final estimate of shear wave speed and shear modulus of tissues. The vector curl operator can separate out the transverse component of a complicated displacement field, and directional filters can separate distinct orientations of wave propagation. However, there are practical limitations that can prevent the intended improvement in elastography estimates. Some simple configurations of wavefields relevant to elastography are examined against theoretical models within the semi-infinite elastic medium and guided waves in a bounded medium. The Miller–Pursey solutions in simplified form are examined for the semi-infinite medium and the Lamb wave symmetric form is considered for the guided wave structure. In both cases, we examine simple but practical wave combinations that can prevent the curl and directional filter operations from directly providing an improved measure of shear wave speed and shear modulus. Additional factors including signal-to-noise and the support of filters also restrict the applicability of these strategies for improving elastographic measures. Thus, some implementations of shear wave excitations applied to the body and to bounded structures within the body are shown to involve waves that are not easily resolved by the vector curl operator and directional filters. These limitations may be overcome by more advanced strategies or simple improvements in baseline parameters including the size of the region of interest and the number of shear waves propagated within. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Ultrasound Applications)
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14 pages, 3843 KiB  
Article
Design and Manufacturing of the Multi-Layered Metamaterial Plate with Interfacial Crack-like Voids and Experimental-Theoretical Study of the Guided Wave Propagation
by Mikhail V. Golub, Ilya A. Moroz, Yanzheng Wang, Artur D. Khanazaryan, Kirill K. Kanishchev, Evgenia A. Okoneshnikova, Alisa N. Shpak, Semyon A. Mareev and Chuanzeng Zhang
Acoustics 2023, 5(1), 122-135; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5010008 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2164
Abstract
A novel kind of acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) with unit cells composed of two layers made of dissimilar materials with a crack-like void situated at the interface between bars is considered. Recently, the authors showed numerically that this novel kind of AMMs can provide [...] Read more.
A novel kind of acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) with unit cells composed of two layers made of dissimilar materials with a crack-like void situated at the interface between bars is considered. Recently, the authors showed numerically that this novel kind of AMMs can provide unidirectional propagation of guided waves. Several AMM specimens (the finite stack of periodic elastic layers with and without voids) have been manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques and regular gluing. The details of the manufacturing process are discussed. In the experiment, the elastic waves have been excited by a rectangular piezoelectric wafer active transducer bonded at the surface of the specimen. Vibrations of the opposite side of the AMM specimen are measured via a piezoelectric sensor. The band gaps are observed in the experiment and values of their width and location correlate with numerically predicted ones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Ultrasound Applications)
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13 pages, 3221 KiB  
Article
Measurement of Ultrasound Parameters of Bovine Cancellous Bone as a Function of Frequency for a Range of Porosities via Through-Transmission Ultrasonic Spectroscopy
by Alina Karki and Junru Wu
Acoustics 2022, 4(2), 406-418; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics4020025 - 03 May 2022
Viewed by 2664
Abstract
The relationship between ultrasonic parameters (attenuation coefficients and velocity) and bone porosity in bovine cancellous bone is explored to understand the possibility of fracture risk diagnosis associated with osteoporosis by applying ultrasound. In vitro measurements of ultrasonic parameters on twenty-one bovine cancellous bone [...] Read more.
The relationship between ultrasonic parameters (attenuation coefficients and velocity) and bone porosity in bovine cancellous bone is explored to understand the possibility of fracture risk diagnosis associated with osteoporosis by applying ultrasound. In vitro measurements of ultrasonic parameters on twenty-one bovine cancellous bone samples from tibia were conducted, using ultrasonic spectroscopy in the through-transmission mode. Transducers of three different center frequencies were used to cover a wide diagnostic frequency range between 1.0–7.8 MHz. The nonlinear relationship of porosity and normalized attenuation coefficient (nATTN) and normalized broadband attenuation coefficient (nBUA) were well described by a third-order polynomial fit, whereas porosity and the phase velocity (UV) were found to be negatively correlated with the linear correlation coefficients of −0.93, −0.89 and −0.83 at 2.25, 5.00 and 7.50 MHz, respectively. The results imply that the ultrasound parameters attain maximum values for the bone sample with the lowest porosity, and then decrease for samples with greater porosity for the range of porosities in our samples for all frequencies. Spatial variation in the ultrasound parameters was found to be caused by non-uniform pore size distribution, which was examined at five different locations within the same bone specimen. However, it did not affect the relationship of ultrasound parameters and porosity at these frequencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Ultrasound Applications)
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22 pages, 10262 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Sensitivity of Distance between Embedded Ultrasonic Sensors and Signal Processing on Damage Detectability in Concrete Structures
by Joyraj Chakraborty, Xin Wang and Marek Stolinski
Acoustics 2022, 4(1), 89-110; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics4010007 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3155
Abstract
Damage detection of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is becoming a more attractive domain due to the safety issues arising in the last few decades. The damage in concrete can be caused by excessive exploitation of the structure or environmental effects. The cracks in [...] Read more.
Damage detection of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is becoming a more attractive domain due to the safety issues arising in the last few decades. The damage in concrete can be caused by excessive exploitation of the structure or environmental effects. The cracks in concrete can be detected by different nondestructive testing methods. However, the available methods used for this purpose have numerous limitations. The technologies available in the market nowadays have difficulties detecting slowly progressive, locally limited damage. In addition, some of these methods cannot be applied, especially in hard-to-reach areas in the superstructures. In order to avoid these deficiencies, an embedded ultrasonic methodology can be used to detect cracks in RC structures. In this study, the methodology of crack detection supported with the advanced signal processing algorithm was proposed and verified on RC structures of various types, and cracks occurring between embedded sensors can be detected. Moreover, different pairs of ultrasonic sensors located in the considered structures are used for the analysis of the sensitivity of distance between them. It is shown that the ultrasonic sensors placed in the range of 1.5–2 m can detect cracks, even when the other methods failed to detect changes in the structure. The obtained results confirmed that diffuse ultrasonic sensor methodology is able to monitor real structures more effectively than traditional techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Ultrasound Applications)
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