Reprint

Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests

Edited by
June 2022
388 pages
  • ISBN978-3-0365-4430-4 (Hardback)
  • ISBN978-3-0365-4429-8 (PDF)

This book is a reprint of the Special Issue Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests that was published in

Chemistry & Materials Science
Engineering
Environmental & Earth Sciences
Summary

This book, “Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests”, covers a broad range of relevant and interesting topics related to deep geological disposal of nuclear fuels and radioactive waste. Most countries that generate nuclear power have developed radioactive waste management programmes during the last 50 years to emplace long-lived and/or high-level radioactive wastes in a deep underground repository in a suitably chosen host rock formation. The aim is to remove these wastes from the human environment. If a site is properly chosen, a repository system comprising both natural and engineered barriers would provide a high level of protection from the toxic effects of the waste.The 17 papers published in this Special Issue show that bentonites and clayrocks are an essential component of the multi-barrier system ensuring the long-term safety of the final disposal of nuclear waste. The efficiency of such engineered and natural clay barriers relies on their physical and chemical confinement properties, which should be preserved in the long-term.

Format
  • Hardback
License
© 2022 by the authors; CC BY-NC-ND license
Keywords
calcium bentonite; gel; swelling; water uptake; ESEM; EDXA; surface area; XRD; radioactive waste disposal; cement–clay interaction; bentonite; cementitious materials; alteration; alkaline conditions; radioactive waste; cement-clay interaction; OPC; LAC; alkaline leachate; cement—clay interaction; diffusion; dual porosity; electrostatic effects; reactive transport modelling; near field; radioactive waste repository; low-pH cement; bentonite; technical barrier; Äspö; ABM-test; smectite alteration; radioactive waste; bentonite; swelling pressure; permeability; hydraulic gradient; engineered barriers; geological repository; selenium reduction; diffusion; sorption; Opalinus Clay; in situ; batch tests; bentonite; smectite; crystal structure; water in the smectite interlayer; XRD; mineralogical changes; thermal treatment; BET; swell index; liquid limit; swelling pressure; water retention curves; bentonite; iron; in situ experiment; interface; bentonite; smectite; layer charge; metal substitution; SEM–EDS; microbial diversity; organic supplements; magnesium bentonite; radioactive waste disposal; thermal loading; montmorillonite content; thermal analysis with evolved gas analysis; cation exchange capacity; specific surface area; saturated hydraulic conductivity; water retention curves; microbial survivability; bentonite; HLRW; ABM test; smectite alteration; SEM-EDX; repository; high temperatures; ordinary Portland cement; mudstone; sequential flow experiment; reactive-transport modelling; radioactive waste disposal; anion distribution; CEC; exchangeable cations; hydration; MiniSandwich; sandwich sealing system; solute transport; swelling pressure; bentonite; waste repositories; smectite; swelling; hydration; water content; Milos; interlayers; radioactive waste disposal; iron–bentonite interaction; reactive transport; numerical model; bentonites; smectites; pore water chemistry; mineralogy; cation exchange; ABM experiment; large-scale tests; n/a