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Logics, Volume 1, Issue 2 (June 2023) – 2 articles

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51 pages, 630 KiB  
Article
Logics for Epistemic Actions: Completeness, Decidability, Expressivity
by Alexandru Baltag, Lawrence S. Moss and Sławomir Solecki
Logics 2023, 1(2), 97-147; https://doi.org/10.3390/logics1020006 - 12 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1103
Abstract
We build and study dynamic versions of epistemic logic. We study languages parameterized by an action signature that allows one to express epistemic actions such as (truthful) public announcements, completely private announcements to groups of agents, and more. The language L(Σ [...] Read more.
We build and study dynamic versions of epistemic logic. We study languages parameterized by an action signature that allows one to express epistemic actions such as (truthful) public announcements, completely private announcements to groups of agents, and more. The language L(Σ) is modeled on dynamic logic. Its sentence-building operations include modalities for the execution of programs, and for knowledge and common knowledge. Its program-building operations include action execution, composition, repetition, and choice. We consider two fragments of L(Σ). In L1(Σ), we drop action repetition; in L0(Σ), we also drop common knowledge. We present the syntax and semantics of these languages and sound proof systems for the validities in them. We prove the strong completeness of a logical system for L0(Σ) and the weak completeness of one for L1(Σ). We show the finite model property and, hence, decidability of L1(Σ). We translate L1(Σ) into PDL, obtaining a second proof of decidability. We prove results on expressive power, comparing L1(Σ) with modal logic together with transitive closure operators. We prove that a logical language with operators for private announcements is more expressive than one for public announcements. Full article
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17 pages, 352 KiB  
Article
Concepts of Interpolation in Stratified Institutions
by Răzvan Diaconescu
Logics 2023, 1(2), 80-96; https://doi.org/10.3390/logics1020005 - 03 Apr 2023
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Abstract
The extension of the (ordinary) institution theory of Goguen and Burstall, known as the theory of stratified institutions, is a general axiomatic approach to model theories where the satisfaction is parameterized by states of models. Stratified institutions cover a uniformly wide range [...] Read more.
The extension of the (ordinary) institution theory of Goguen and Burstall, known as the theory of stratified institutions, is a general axiomatic approach to model theories where the satisfaction is parameterized by states of models. Stratified institutions cover a uniformly wide range of applications from various Kripke semantics to various automata theories and even model theories with partial signature morphisms. In this paper, we introduce two natural concepts of logical interpolation at the abstract level of stratified institutions and we provide some sufficient technical conditions in order to establish a causality relationship between them. In essence, these conditions amount to the existence of nominals structures, which are considered fully and abstractly. Full article
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