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Taxonomy, Volume 2, Issue 4 (December 2022) – 5 articles

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33 pages, 7976 KiB  
Article
Perils of Underestimating Species Diversity: Revisiting Systematics of Psammocambeva Catfishes (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Paraíba do Sul Basin, South-Eastern Brazil
by Wilson J. E. M. Costa, José Leonardo Mattos, Paulo J. Vilardo, Pedro F. Amorim and Axel M. Katz
Taxonomy 2022, 2(4), 491-523; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2040032 - 08 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2513
Abstract
Psammocambeva, a subgenus of Trichomycterus s.s., includes a clade endemic to south-eastern Brazil, the Psammocambeva alpha-clade (PAC), containing species with similar colour pattern and fin morphology, making difficult their identification without accurate examination. The greatest diversity of PAC species occurs in [...] Read more.
Psammocambeva, a subgenus of Trichomycterus s.s., includes a clade endemic to south-eastern Brazil, the Psammocambeva alpha-clade (PAC), containing species with similar colour pattern and fin morphology, making difficult their identification without accurate examination. The greatest diversity of PAC species occurs in the Rio Paraíba do Sul basin area (RPSA), situated within the Atlantic Forest, one of the most important and endangered biodiversity centres in the world. Herein, we: perform a multigene phylogeny focusing on species of PAC; revise morphological characters diagnosing species of PAC from the RPSA, with special attention to those equivocally synonymised in a recent study; describe two new species, and provide a key for species identification. Molecular and morphological evidence supported the recognition of eight valid species belonging to four species complexes. Data indicated that T. auroguttatus, T. travassosi, and T. longibarbatus are valid species. Finally, we discuss the negative impacts of underestimating species diversity in regions under the intense process of natural habitat loss, concluding that integrative approaches are important tools to estimate species diversity, but they should include a range of morphological characters informative to delineate and diagnose groups and their respective species, in association with phylogenies generated by robust molecular datasets. Full article
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3 pages, 192 KiB  
Editorial
Advanced Research on Fossil Insects
by Haichun Zhang and Mathias Harzhauser
Taxonomy 2022, 2(4), 488-490; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2040031 - 25 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1028
Abstract
Fossils provide the only direct evidence we have of ancient life, and fossil insects are a window into the evolutionary history of insects [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research on Fossil Insects)
17 pages, 4621 KiB  
Article
A New Predacious Species of Cosmolaelaps (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from Rose Greenhouses in The Netherlands with Extensive Morphological Analyses and Ontogeny
by Janeth Alexandra Sierra-Monroy, Karen Muñoz-Cárdenas, Omid Joharchi and Diana Rueda-Ramírez
Taxonomy 2022, 2(4), 471-487; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2040030 - 09 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1543
Abstract
A new species from the genus Cosmolaelaps, with potential to control western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were collected from litter and remains of plant material on soil of different rose greenhouses in The Netherlands. Collected specimens were used to [...] Read more.
A new species from the genus Cosmolaelaps, with potential to control western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were collected from litter and remains of plant material on soil of different rose greenhouses in The Netherlands. Collected specimens were used to initiate a laboratory colony. Subsequently, a sample of mites of different developmental stages were analysed morphologically, by means of the measurement of structures and determination of the main morphological characteristics and chaetotaxy of the leg segments. The new species, Cosmolaelaps sabelisi sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on the morphological characters of the adult and immature stages (including the protonymph and deutonymphal stages) and compared with closely related species. Full article
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9 pages, 1790 KiB  
Article
Ptychogena lactea A. Agassiz, 1865 (Hydrozoa; Laodiceidae): What We Know on Taxonomy, Life-Cycle and Distribution
by Alexander E. Antsulevich
Taxonomy 2022, 2(4), 462-470; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2040029 - 07 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1318
Abstract
The hydromedusa Ptychogena lactea A. Agassiz, 1865 is a large and remarkable jellyfish; it has been found in many Arctic and even boreal localities and at various depths, from the mesopelagial to the surface. However, it is still regarded in the literature as [...] Read more.
The hydromedusa Ptychogena lactea A. Agassiz, 1865 is a large and remarkable jellyfish; it has been found in many Arctic and even boreal localities and at various depths, from the mesopelagial to the surface. However, it is still regarded in the literature as a rare deep-water species, with an unknown polyp stage. The hydroid was reared from the medusa P. lactea in the Franz-Josef Land archipelago field laboratory. The hydroid was identified as Cuspidella procumbens Kramp, 1911: a poorly known Campanulinoidea, “Cuspidella-like” Arctic hydroid whose medusa stage was hitherto unknown. Both stages are here proposed to link taxonomically into a one nominal species. Co-distribution of the well-known medusa and the little-known hydroid is studied and mapped. Data on the distribution and ecology of both stages is added. Some data has already been published in Russian literature, but remains unknown to English-speaking scientists. New observations show that P. lactea is neither a deep-water species nor rare, and establish the continuity between medusae and polyp stages of the life cycle. Full article
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92 pages, 36546 KiB  
Article
The Tube-Web Spiders of the Genus Ariadna (Araneae: Segestriidae) from South Australia and Victoria
by Jessica R. Marsh, Mark I. Stevens, Tessa Bradford and Volker W. Framenau
Taxonomy 2022, 2(4), 370-461; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2040028 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1759
Abstract
The tube-web spider genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 has been revised for South Australia and Victoria, revealing a remarkable diversity, particularly centred in the arid north of South Australia. We describe 23 species as new, ten of which are supported by molecular data, where [...] Read more.
The tube-web spider genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 has been revised for South Australia and Victoria, revealing a remarkable diversity, particularly centred in the arid north of South Australia. We describe 23 species as new, ten of which are supported by molecular data, where these were available. We recognise two species groups for some of the species based on a combination of genitalic morphology, macrosetae patterns and somatic characters: the clavata species group, which includes Ariadna clavata Marsh, Baehr, Glatz & Framenau, 2018 and A. spinosa sp. nov. from South Australia, and A. otwayensis sp. nov. and A. sinuosa sp. nov. from Victoria, and the formosa species group, including A. formosa sp. nov. and A. umbra sp. nov. from South Australia, and A. tria sp. nov. from Victoria. Seventeen new species could not be placed into these two species groups: A. arenacea sp. nov., A. bellatula sp. nov., A. curvata sp. nov., A. deserta sp. nov., A. diucrura sp. nov., A. flavescens sp. nov., A. inflata sp. nov., A. insula sp. nov., A. pollex sp. nov., A. propria sp. nov., A. rutila sp. nov., Ariadna simplex sp. nov., A. subplana sp. nov., A. una sp. nov., A. ungua sp. nov., A. valida sp. nov. and A. woinarskii sp. nov. We provide updated diagnoses and distributional data for A. clavata and A. tangara Marsh, Baehr, Glatz & Framenau, 2018; however, the holotype of A. burchelli (Hogg, 1900) from Victoria could not be located for this project. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Paper Collection of Editorial Board Members of Taxonomy)
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