Applied System Innovation

18 pages, 3166 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Practical Application of Mesh Opportunistic Networks

by Miguel Ángel Martín-Pascual and Celia Andreu-Sánchez

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030060 - 16 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1229

Opportunistic networks allow for communication between nearby mobile devices through a radio connection, avoiding the need for cellular data coverage or a Wi-Fi connection. The limited spatial range of this type of communication can be overcome by using nodes in a mesh network. [...] Read more.

Opportunistic networks allow for communication between nearby mobile devices through a radio connection, avoiding the need for cellular data coverage or a Wi-Fi connection. The limited spatial range of this type of communication can be overcome by using nodes in a mesh network. The purpose of this research was to examine a commercial application of electronic mesh communication without a mobile data plan, Wi-Fi, or satellite. A mixed study, with qualitative and quantitative strategies, was designed. An experimental session, in which participants tested opportunistic networks developing different tasks for performance, was carried out to examine the system. Different complementary approaches were adopted: a survey, a focus group, and an analysis of participants’ performance. We found that the main advantage of this type of communication is the lack of a need to use data networks for one-to-one and group communications. Opportunistic networks can be integrated into professional communication workflows. They can be used in situations where traditional telephones and the Internet are compromised, such as at mass events, emergency situations, or in the presence of frequency inhibitors. Full article

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30 pages, 38306 KiB

Open AccessArticle

E-Archeo Project: The 3D Reconstruction of the Roman Villae in Sirmione and Desenzano (Brescia, Italy)

by Patrizia Basso, Barbara Bianchi, Daniele Bursich, Nicola Delbarba, Alessandra Marinello and Fiammetta Soriano

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030059 - 08 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1685

Abstract

The e-Archeo project, commissioned from ALES S.p.A.by the Ministry of Culture (MIC), aims to valorise the multimedia experience of eight Italian archaeological sites. This paper discusses the University of Verona’s contribution to this project, which focuses on the virtual reconstruction of two Roman [...] Read more.

The e-Archeo project, commissioned from ALES S.p.A.by the Ministry of Culture (MIC), aims to valorise the multimedia experience of eight Italian archaeological sites. This paper discusses the University of Verona’s contribution to this project, which focuses on the virtual reconstruction of two Roman villas located in Sirmione and Desenzano (Lombardy). This paper outlines the 3D survey methodologies and scientific back-end approach using Extended Matrix. The architectural and decorative reconstruction process for each site is elucidated, providing a comprehensive understanding of the process followed. Furthermore, the University developed a narrative to accompany virtual visits. One of the main project outputs was e-Archeo 3d, a virtual reality web app that allows remote and on-site use. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Virtual Reality Technologies and Their Applications)

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12 pages, 714 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Evaluation of an IoT-Based Platform for Maritime Transport Services

by Sandro Noto, Molka Gharbaoui, Mariano Falcitelli, Barbara Martini, Piero Castoldi and Paolo Pagano

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030058 - 30 May 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2321

Abstract

In recent years, the adoption of innovative technologies in maritime transport and logistics systems has become a key aspect towards their development and growth, especially due to the complex and heterogeneous nature of the maritime environment. On the other hand, Internet of Things [...] Read more.

In recent years, the adoption of innovative technologies in maritime transport and logistics systems has become a key aspect towards their development and growth, especially due to the complex and heterogeneous nature of the maritime environment. On the other hand, Internet of Things (IoT) solutions are gaining importance in the shipping industry thanks to the huge number of distributed cameras and sensors in modern ships, cargoes and sea ports, which can be exploited to improve safety, costs and productivity. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of a maritime platform, which enables a wide range of 5G-based services in the context of logistics and maritime transportation. Its core is a Narrow Band (NB)-IoT framework used to run massive IoT services on top of a hybrid terrestrial–satellite network and feed a OneM2M platform with significant data on maritime transport to develop high-level and value-added logistic applications on top. Among the many different services that could be provided by the maritime platform, we focus on the cargo-ship container tracking use case through the Global Tracking System, which allows for continuous container monitoring all over the seas in a port-to-port service scenario. The results of the experimental tests illustrate the capacity of the platform in managing the high number of messages transmitted by the container tracking devices (i.e., more than 3000) and its efficiency in limiting the average maximum latency and packet loss below

5.5

s and

0.9

%, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Engineering for IoT: Latest Advances and Prospects)

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20 pages, 26669 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Operation of Electronic Devices for Controlling Led Light Sources When the Environment Temperature Changes

by Iryna Belyakova, Vadim Piscio, Pavlo Maruschak, Oleksandr Shovkun, Volodymyr Medvid and Mariya Markovych

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030057 - 20 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3395

Abstract

Ambient temperature significantly affects the electrical and light parameters of LEDs, such as forward and reverse current, voltage drop LEDs and luminous flux. With an increase in temperature, the decrease in the intensity of LED radiation is explained by physical processes, including the [...] Read more.

Ambient temperature significantly affects the electrical and light parameters of LEDs, such as forward and reverse current, voltage drop LEDs and luminous flux. With an increase in temperature, the decrease in the intensity of LED radiation is explained by physical processes, including the phenomena of non-radiative recombination due to impurity levels, recombination on the surface, losses carriers in the barrier layers of heterostructures, etc. The increase in temperature is also significantly reduces the useful life of LEDs and the LED device in general. Drivers, which allows to stabilize the operating current with a change in the supply voltage of the device and, as the result is light flux. But in LEDs of various types, current stabilization does not lead to the stabilization of the light flux when the temperature regime of their operation changes. When changing ambient temperature in the range of +40…+60 °C, the luminous flux of LEDs is significant decreases even in the case when their current is kept constant, as we can see from documentation for most of LED types. An article analyzes the effect of temperature on electrical and light parameters LEDs with different types of drivers as part of LED lighting devices, such as LED lamps and LED spotlights, in order to offer possible constructive solutions for partial reduction or elimination of the decline problem luminous flux of LED devices under conditions of their operation at high temperatures. Full article

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34 pages, 4877 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Enabling End-Users in Designing and Executing of Complex, Collaborative Robotic Processes

by Helmut Zörrer, Georg Weichhart, Mathias Schmoigl Tonis, Till Bieg, Matthias Propst, Dominik Schuster, Nadine Sturm, Chloé Nativel, Gabriele Salomon, Felix Strohmeier, Andreas Sackl, Michael Eberle and Andreas Pichler

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030056 - 12 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1903

Abstract

Over the last years, capabilities of robotic systems have quantitatively and qualitatively improved. But going beyond isolated robotic systems, the integration and interoperability of robotic capabilities in complex work processes remains a major challenge. This lack of tools to integrate robots needs to [...] Read more.

Over the last years, capabilities of robotic systems have quantitatively and qualitatively improved. But going beyond isolated robotic systems, the integration and interoperability of robotic capabilities in complex work processes remains a major challenge. This lack of tools to integrate robots needs to be addressed on technical, semantic and organizational level. In the ROBxTASK research project, we developed an approach to support cooperation between different types of users in order to enable domain experts, with no robotic know-how, to work with robot-assisted workflows. By engineering robotic skills at a useful and usable level of abstraction for experts in different domains, we aim to increase re-usability of these skills on two different levels, (robotic) device level, and on level of application specific workflows. The researched prototype consists of a web platform, which allows (a) engineers to register (robotic) devices and the implemented skills of the devices, (b) domain experts to use a graphical task design environment to create workflows across multiple robotic devices and lastly (c) robot co-workers to download and execute the workflow code in a local environment with digital twins or real robots. Additionally skills and workflows can be shared across organisations. Initial user studies have shown that the visual programming environment is accessible and the defined skill-set is easy to understand even for domain experts that are inexperienced in the field of robotics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechatronics and Robotic Systems)

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29 pages, 14521 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Using Low-Cost Radar Sensors and Action Cameras to Measure Inter-Vehicle Distances in Real-World Truck Platooning

by Markus Metallinos Log, Thomas Thoresen, Maren H. R. Eitrheim, Tomas Levin and Trude Tørset

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030055 - 06 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2701

Abstract

Many modern vehicles collect inter-vehicle distance data from radar sensors as input to driver assistance systems. However, vehicle manufacturers often use proprietary algorithms to conceal the collected data, making them inaccessible to external individuals, such as researchers. Aftermarket sensors may circumvent this issue. [...] Read more.

Many modern vehicles collect inter-vehicle distance data from radar sensors as input to driver assistance systems. However, vehicle manufacturers often use proprietary algorithms to conceal the collected data, making them inaccessible to external individuals, such as researchers. Aftermarket sensors may circumvent this issue. This study investigated the use of low-cost radar sensors to determine inter-vehicle distances during real-world semi-automated truck platooning on two-way, two-lane rural roads. Radar data from the two follower trucks in a three-truck platoon were collected, synchronized and filtered. The sensors measured distance, relative velocity and signal-to-noise ratio. Dashboard camera footage was collected, coded and synchronized to the radar data, providing context about the driving situation, such as oncoming trucks, roundabouts and tunnels. The sensors had different configuration parameters, suggested by the supplier, to avoid signal interference. With parameters as chosen, sensor ranges, inferred from maximum distance measurements, were approximately 74 and 71 m. These values were almost on par with theoretical calculations. The sensors captured the preceding truck for 83–85% of the time where they had the preceding truck within range, and 95–96% of the time in tunnels. While roundabouts are problematic, the sensors are feasible for collecting inter-vehicle distance data during truck platooning. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Sensors and Devices: Recent Advances and Applications)

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18 pages, 3642 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Technologies’ Risks and Opportunities: Case Study of an RFID System

by Lina Naciri, Maryam Gallab, Aziz Soulhi, Safae Merzouk and Mario Di Nardo

Appl. Syst. Innov. 2023, 6(3), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi6030054 - 04 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2379

Abstract

Smart technologies have been the subject of a growing interest for the past few years due to the growing market demand. They are believed to improve human life, existence, and companies’ performance. Considering the recent advances, X.0 concept has proven to be a [...] Read more.

Smart technologies have been the subject of a growing interest for the past few years due to the growing market demand. They are believed to improve human life, existence, and companies’ performance. Considering the recent advances, X.0 concept has proven to be a mindset changing so that companies can now see that they can improve their competitiveness, ensure an innovative, sustainable and resilient environment, and smarten and develop their lean manufacturing tools. Nevertheless, if X.0 adoption is still not at its highest level, it is because of the relevant challenges and difficulties that occur during the implementation process. Within this scope, this paper aims, through a systematic literature review, to identify risks and opportunities of X.0 technologies to constitute a referential to be taken into consideration for a successful implementation. Results are validated by the modelling and simulation of an RFID system applied within the automotive industry, for which we identified risks and opportunities from one side and the system contribution in terms of smart Lean Manufacturing. From one hand, the value added of this paper, on the contrary of previous researches, is mainly regrouping risks and opportunities of most relevant digital technologies to conclude on those of X.0 revolution as a concept as described in following sections. From another hand, we were able to prove, through a real case study, that X.0 concept directly contribute in smartening and improving lean manufacturing principles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering)

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Appl. Syst. Innov., Volume 6, Issue 3 (June 2023) – 7 articles

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