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Advances in Respiratory Medicine is published by MDPI from Volume 90 Issue 4 (2022). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Via Medica.

Adv. Respir. Med., Volume 78, Issue 2 (March 2010) – 11 articles , Pages 103-185

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159 KiB  
Letter
Author’s Response to Commentary of T.M. Zielonka “Medical Students’ Attitudes towards Tobacco Smoking at First and Sixth Year of Their Studies 2002–2008”
by Alicja Siemińska
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 182-185; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27744 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 211
Abstract
Dziękuję doktorowi Tadeuszowi Zielonce za obszerny komentarz naszego artykułu „Postawy wobec palenia tytoniu wśród studentów I i VI roku medycyny z rocznika studiów 2002–2008” [...] Full article
243 KiB  
Letter
Cultural Conditionalities of Cigarette Smoking. Commentary to the Article of Siemińska A. et al. “Medical Students’ Attitudes towards Tobacco Smoking at First and Sixth Year of Their Studies 2002–2008”
by Tadeusz M. Zielonka
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 176-181; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27743 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 200
Abstract
Z wielkim uznaniem trzeba odnieść się do determinacji z jaką dr A. Siemińska od lat zajmuje się problemem palenia papierosów wśród studentów [...] Full article
441 KiB  
Conference Report
Fourth Polish-French Pulmonary Conference, Wrocław, October 16th–18th 2009
by Anna Brzecka
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 159-175; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27745 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 220
Abstract
W dniach 16–18 października 2009 roku we Wrocławiu odbyła się Czwarta Polsko-Francuska Konferencja Pneumonologiczna [...] Full article
141 KiB  
Case Report
Acquired Methaemoglobinaemia—A Case Report
by Anna Paczek, Liliana Wawrzyńska, Ewa Mendek-Czajkowska, Jarosław Kober and Adam Torbicki
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 153-158; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27739 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 209
Abstract
Methaemoglobinaemia is a rarely diagnosed, life-threatening pathology and involves the presence of more than 1% of oxidised haemoglobin in the blood that is unable to carry oxygen. We report the case of a 49-year-old male who developed fulminant symptoms of acute hypoxaemic respiratory [...] Read more.
Methaemoglobinaemia is a rarely diagnosed, life-threatening pathology and involves the presence of more than 1% of oxidised haemoglobin in the blood that is unable to carry oxygen. We report the case of a 49-year-old male who developed fulminant symptoms of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and in whom acute and chronic cardiovascular and respiratory conditions had been ruled out. The discrepancy between oxygen saturation determined by pulse oximetry and oxygen saturation and oxygen partial pressure determined by capillary blood gas analysis, as well as the evident lack of response to oxygen therapy, were important indicators suggestive of a haemoglobinopathy and the diagnosis of methaemoglobinaemia. His methaemoglobin level was 16%. The symptoms resolved spontaneously and the causative factor was not identified. Full article
186 KiB  
Case Report
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patient with Prader-Willi Syndrome
by Monika Czystowska, Agnieszka Skoczylas, Anna Rudnicka, Barbara Kazanecka, Robert Plywaczewski, Paweł Śliwiński and Dorota Górecka
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 148-152; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27738 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 265
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by loss of function of genes situated within the 15q11-q13 region of chromosome 15. The disorder is characterized by central obesity, short stature, dysfunction of several hypothalamic centers. These symptoms lead to progressive metabolic, respiratory, [...] Read more.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by loss of function of genes situated within the 15q11-q13 region of chromosome 15. The disorder is characterized by central obesity, short stature, dysfunction of several hypothalamic centers. These symptoms lead to progressive metabolic, respiratory, circulatory and orthopedic complications. Because of the etiology of the disorder there is no known causal treatment. Patients should comply with dietary restrictions and behavioral modifications as it may reduce the risk of obesity related diseases. In this paper we present a case 34-years old obese patient with PWS who was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea, and whom CPAP treatment was offered. Full article
243 KiB  
Review
Lung Mycobacteriosis—Clinical Presentation, Diagnostics and Treatment
by Ewelina Wilińska and Monika Szturmowicz
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 138-147; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27742 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 242
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of bacteria that may cause human disease mycobacteriosis, but do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy. NTM are acquired through environmental exposure to water, aerosols, soil, dust and are transfered to human through inhalation, ingestion, and skin lesions, [...] Read more.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of bacteria that may cause human disease mycobacteriosis, but do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy. NTM are acquired through environmental exposure to water, aerosols, soil, dust and are transfered to human through inhalation, ingestion, and skin lesions, due to injuries, surgical procedures, or intravenous catheters. People with suppressed immune response, with pre-existing lung damage in the course of various lung diseases are most likely to be affected. There is no evidence of person-to-person spread of these diseases. A variety of manifestations of NTM infection have been described, but the lungs remain the most commonly involved site. Molecular methods allow the quicker differentiation of NTM from TB isolates and help to identify new NTM species. The purpose of this article is to review the common clinical manifestations of NTM lung disease, the conditions associated with NTM lung disease, diagnostic criteria and treatment of the most frequent species of NTM. Full article
139 KiB  
Review
Clinical Application of Pulmonary Function Tests in Preschool Children
by Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak and Anna Bręborowicz
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 133-137; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27741 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 240
Abstract
Pulmonary function tests are routinely used in the assessment of respiratory system in older children and adults. They have not made their way into wide clinical practice in preschool children and infants, mainly due to poor cooperation in this age group. This review [...] Read more.
Pulmonary function tests are routinely used in the assessment of respiratory system in older children and adults. They have not made their way into wide clinical practice in preschool children and infants, mainly due to poor cooperation in this age group. This review discusses the use of various pulmonary function tests in preschool children in clinical setting. Issues relevant for clinical practice comprising but not limited to expressing results, within-occasion repeatability and between occasion reproducibility of various tests as well as choosing reference data are described. This paper also examines the most frequent respiratory disorders in preschool children and potential impact of pulmonary function tests results on clinical management in these patients. Full article
217 KiB  
Review
Integrated Care for Patients with Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
by Ewa Jassem, Dorota Górecka, Piotr Krakowiak, Jerzy Kozielski, J. Marek Słomiński, Małgorzata Krajnik and Andrzej M. Fal
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 126-132; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27740 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 395
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third cause of mortality and disability (assed by DALY) among patients above 60 year old. Severe and very severe COPD (FEV1 = equal or less than 50% and 30% of expected value, respectively) is estimated at [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third cause of mortality and disability (assed by DALY) among patients above 60 year old. Severe and very severe COPD (FEV1 = equal or less than 50% and 30% of expected value, respectively) is estimated at 20% of all COPD patients. Advanced COPD usually leads to physical and mental deterioration, the patients often manage with the problems caused by the disease and other comorbidities poorly. This leads to increased risk of COPD exacerbations and further deterioration of the patient’s status, increased costs of medical care and eventually increased risk of death. Current organization of medical care for those patients does not provide adequate health and social support for them. However, it seems that introducing an integrated approach proposed by World Health Organization, could improve the situation of advanced COPD patients. In Poland, this kind of care has been provided in advanced cancer patients throughout stationary palliative care units and hospices during the last several years. This experience should be helpful in integrating actions of general practitioners and specialized nurses, as well as providing access for the specialists’ consultations according to the individual needs of the patients. It should also allow for broad cooperation with auxiliary staff, such as social workers, medical assistants and volunteers, as well as psychologists and clergymen (especially in the terminal phase of the disease). Full article
130 KiB  
Article
The Prevalence of Stroke in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
by Anna Rudnicka, Robert Pływaczewski, Luiza Jończak, Dorota Górecka and Paweł Śliwiński
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 121-125; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27737 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 254
Abstract
Background: Previous population and clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between stroke and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Our previous study on the epidemiology of sleep-disordered breathing among the inhabitants of Warsaw, conducted on 676 subjects aged 56.6 ± 8.2 years in whom [...] Read more.
Background: Previous population and clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between stroke and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Our previous study on the epidemiology of sleep-disordered breathing among the inhabitants of Warsaw, conducted on 676 subjects aged 56.6 ± 8.2 years in whom polysomnography was performed and OSA was confirmed in 76 cases (11.3%) with the mean apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) of 25.3 ± 16.1, revealed a low prevalence of stroke in subjects with OSA (2 subjects [2.6%]) and in subjects without OSA (20 subjects [3.4%]). The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of stroke in newly diagnosed patients with OSA qualified for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Material and methods: We investigated 342 patients (263 men and 79 women) aged 55.4 ± 10.1 years with severe disease (AHI 39.7 ± 22.5) and considerable obesity (body mass index [BMI] 35.0 ± 6.6 kg/m2). A history of stroke was confirmed in 16 patients prior to the initiation of CPAP (4.7%; Group 1). Group 2 (subjects without a history of stroke) comprised 326 subjects (95.3%). Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between stroke and the time spent in desaturation below 90% at night (T90) during polysomnography (b = –0.22, p = 0.009), diabetes mellitus (b = 0.16, p = 0.006), Epworth sleepiness score (b = 0.14, p = 0.02), and coronary artery disease (b = 0.14, p = 0.03). Conclusions: A correlation was demonstrated between stoke in patients with OSA (before CPAP treatment) and overnight and daytime oxygenation, diabetes mellitus, daytime sleepiness, and coronary artery disease. The incidence of stroke in the study population was low (4.7%) and similar to that observed in previous population studies. Full article
224 KiB  
Article
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Primary Care Setting
by Hanna Siatkowska, Jerzy Kozielski and Dariusz Ziora
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 112-120; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27736 - 19 Mar 2010
Viewed by 316
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important public health problems due to its high prevalence, progressive nature, and costs of treatment and care. Material and methods: We enrolled 1026 patients in our study (86.3% of the [...] Read more.
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important public health problems due to its high prevalence, progressive nature, and costs of treatment and care. Material and methods: We enrolled 1026 patients in our study (86.3% of the registered patients) to assess the incidence and severity of COPD, the degree of underdiagnosis, the association with smoking, and the presence of co-morbidities. Results: COPD was diagnosed in 8.1% of the subjects over the age of 40, most of whom were current or former smokers (90.3%). More than half of the subjects (61.3%) presented with mild disease, 35.5% with moderate disease, and 3.2% with severe disease. The development of COPD is most affected by the number of pack-years and age. In women, the development of COPD is associated with a smaller number of pack-years. Conclusions: We found that COPD is underdiagnosed in the primary care setting, as only 1% of the subjects carried the correct diagnosis. One of the reasons why COPD goes underdiagnosed is that doctors do not perform spirometry often enough. Cardiovascular disease is significantly more prevalent in patients with COPD. Full article
244 KiB  
Article
Acoustic Rhinometry in the Evaluation of Nasal Lysine Aspirin Challenge
by Maciej Kupczyk, Izabela Kupryś-Lipińska, Małgorzata Bocheńska-Marciniak and Piotr Kuna
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 103-111; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27735 - 19 Mar 2010
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 264
Abstract
Background: Nasal lysine aspirin (Lys-ASA) challenge is an alternative to oral and bronchial challenges in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of [...] Read more.
Background: Nasal lysine aspirin (Lys-ASA) challenge is an alternative to oral and bronchial challenges in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of acoustic rhinometry as an objective method of evaluation of nasal Lys-ASA challenge. Material and methods: We enrolled 20 patients with ASA-induced asthma confirmed by oral challenge (ASA-S group), 5 patients with allergic rhinitis without hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, and 5 healthy individuals (ASA-NS group). All the subjects underwent challenge with placebo (0.9% NaCl) or 14.4 mg of Lys-ASA applied in a spray into both nostrils (total dose: 16 mg of ASA). Measurements of nasal volume bilaterally were performed with an acoustic rhinometer before and 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after the challenge. For further calculations we used the sum of both nasal volumes at 2 to 5 cm from the nostrils. Results: The mean total nasal volume in the AIA group before and 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after the challenge was 7.75, 6.21, 7.11, 7.12, and 7.24 cm3 following placebo, respectively, and 7.24, 5.77, 6.31, 6.27, and 6.98 cm3 following Lys-ASA, respectively (p = 0.048 and p = 0.02 at 2 and 4 hours, Lys-ASA vs. placebo, Wilcoxon test). With the cutoff value of nasal volume reduction of 10%, the test sensitivity was 70%, the specificity was 60%, the positive predictive value was 77.78%, and the negative predictive value was 50% at 1 hour after the challenge. Conclusions: Acoustic rhinometry with the measurement of nasal volume at 2 to 5 cm from the nostrils proved insufficiently sensitive or specific to be used as the sole method for evaluation of nasal Lys-ASA challenge. Full article
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