Advances in Respiratory Medicine

261 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Historia Europejskiego Towarzystwa Klinicznej Fizjologii Oddychania i Europejskiego Towarzystwa Oddechowego

by Leszek Radwan and Janusz Kowalski

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 307-309; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27890 - 22 Jun 2008

Viewed by 219

Abstract

W drugiej połowie XX wieku nastąpił znaczny rozwój klinicznej fizjologii oddychania [...] Full article

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Open AccessConference Report

XIX Spotkanie Polskiej Grupy European Respiratory Society 6–9 Marca 2008 r., Ustroń

by Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska Editorial Office

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 296-306; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27894 - 22 Jun 2008

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Abstract

Fe²⁺ znajduje sie w centrum aktywnym białka hemowego [...] Full article

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Open AccessConference Report

Sprawozdanie z Kongresu Europejskiego Towarzystwa Oddechowego w Sztokholmie, 15–19 Września 2007 Roku (Część II)

by Paweł Kuca, Jan Kuś, Robert Pływaczewski, Elżbieta Radzikowska, Dorota Górecka and Jan Zieliński

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 286-295; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27897 - 22 Jun 2008

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Abstract

Żylna choroba zakrzepowo-zatorowa i nadciśnienie płucne nie stanowiły wiodących tematów kongresu [...] Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Pulmonary Epithelioid Haemangioendothelioma—Interferon 2-Alpha Treatment—Case Report

by Elżbieta Radzikowska, Ewa Szczepulska-Wójcik, Mariusz Chabowski, Karina Oniszh, Renata Langfort and Kazimierz Roszkowski

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 281-285; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27887 - 22 Jun 2008

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 299

Abstract

A 62-year-old, obese woman, smoking 10 pack/year was admitted to the National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute to diagnose small, round opacities revealed by routine chest X-ray examination. These lesions had been observed for 5 years. The patient had been treated for [...] Read more.

A 62-year-old, obese woman, smoking 10 pack/year was admitted to the National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute to diagnose small, round opacities revealed by routine chest X-ray examination. These lesions had been observed for 5 years. The patient had been treated for psoriasis, hypertension, and insulin-independent diabetes. On admission she was in good condition, complaining of a slight productive cough as well as intermittent osteoarticular pain. Physical examination revealed cutaneous psoriatic lesions, slight edema of the lower limbs, and clubbed fingers. Tuberculin test was positive. Chest Computer Tomography scanning showed partially calcified nodules (up to 1cm in diameter) located in the middle and base areas of both lungs. No evidence of hilar nor mediastinal lymph node enlargement was seen. Lung specimens displayed intraalveolar and intravascular growth of neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemical expression of Factor VIII, CD31 and CD34 antigens was present. Pulmonary epithelioid haemangioendothelioma was diagnosed. After 6 months of observation, progression of the disease was shown. Interferon alpha treatment was introduced. During the therapy, a slight regression of pulmonary changes was noticed and since then stabilization of the disease was observed. Full article

120 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Isolated Sarcoidosis of Upper Respiratory Tract—A Description of 2 Cases

by Maria Porzezińska, Jacek Drozdowski, Katarzyna Poławska, Ludwika Wolska-Goszka, Bogumiła Cynowska and Jan Marek Słomiński

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 276-280; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27886 - 22 Jun 2008

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Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. In sarcoidosis almost all organs can be involved but the disease most often affects the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. Isolated extrapulmonary organs involvement occurs very seldom. We present two cases of sarcoidosis limited to [...] Read more.

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. In sarcoidosis almost all organs can be involved but the disease most often affects the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. Isolated extrapulmonary organs involvement occurs very seldom. We present two cases of sarcoidosis limited to upper respiratory tract—a young women with laryngeal sarcoidosis and recurrent throat pain and the women with the disease of the sinuses and pharynx and clinical symptoms of chronic sinusitis poorly responsive to conventional treatment. Full article

223 KiB

Open AccessReview

Smoking and Lung Infection

by Jerzy Kozielski

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 271-275; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27896 - 22 Jun 2008

Viewed by 255

Abstract

Tobacco smoke exposure leads to development of structural and immunological changes in the lungs. These changes favour development on inflammation in the respiratory tract. Cigarette smoking is a substantial risk factor for important bacterial and viral infections. Full article

188 KiB

Open AccessReview

Choroby Śródmiąższowe Związane z Paleniem Tytoniu

by Elżbieta Wiatr

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 265-270; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27895 - 22 Jun 2008

Viewed by 289

Abstract

Wśród chorób związanych z paleniem tytoniu znajdują się choroby o ustalonym związku przyczynowo-skutkowym, jak POChP czy rak płuca [...] Full article

320 KiB

Open AccessReview

Molecular Diagnostics of Alpha-1-Antitrypsine Deficiency in Clinical Practice

by Radosław Struniawski, Adam Szpechciński and Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 253-264; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27889 - 22 Jun 2008

Viewed by 276

Abstract

The deficiency of serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AATD), is genetically determined defect that increases the risk of lung and liver disease development. The results of recent epidemiological studies indicate the overwhelming majority of individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency still remain undiagnosed. The complete laboratory [...] Read more.

The deficiency of serine protease inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AATD), is genetically determined defect that increases the risk of lung and liver disease development. The results of recent epidemiological studies indicate the overwhelming majority of individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency still remain undiagnosed. The complete laboratory diagnosis of AATD is based on combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The measurment of plasma/serum AAT concentration is always the initial test performed in the clinically suspected individuals. Nevertheless, only the AAT phenotype or genotype identification allows the full medical verification of the diagnosis. Among the various techniques of either AAT variant phenotyping or genotyping accepted by reference medical centers worldwide, the isoelectric focusing, real-time-PCR and restriction fragment-length polymorphism PCR (RFLP-PCR) are “considered the most effective” performed the most commonly. The AAT diagnostics in Poland still awaits for introduction into clinical routine. The aim of present review is to outline the major methods of AATD diagnosis and discuss with the special issuing of their potential benefits and disadvantages. Full article

168 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Diagnostic Differences of Asthma in the Elderly

by Karolina Lindner, Bernard Panaszek and Zbigniew Machaj

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 246-252; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27888 - 22 Jun 2008

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 243

Abstract

Asthma is a common disease among elderly persons. The prevalence of asthma in subjects aged over 65 years is 6.5–17%. The diagnosis of asthma is based on typical symptoms with confirmatory information gained from physical examination and laboratory studies. Respiratory symptoms are less [...] Read more.

Asthma is a common disease among elderly persons. The prevalence of asthma in subjects aged over 65 years is 6.5–17%. The diagnosis of asthma is based on typical symptoms with confirmatory information gained from physical examination and laboratory studies. Respiratory symptoms are less specific in older people. Additionally the clinical manifestations of asthma is complicated by co-morbidities, polypragmasy, underreporting of symptoms, cognitive impairment. Moreover, elderly patients are sometimes unable to perform pulmonary function tests. Consequently, discriminating asthma from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is difficult in this group of patients. The difficulties in differential diagnosis of asthma in older adults entails that disease in the elderly is often underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. Full article

345 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pleural Fluid Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ) Measurement as a Diagnostic Tool in Tuberculous Pleurisy

by Rafał Krenke, Aleksandra Safianowska, Magdalena Paplińska, Piotr Korczyński, Barbara Dmowska-Sobstyl, Elżbieta Bogacka-Zatorska, Andrzej Jaworski and Ryszarda Chazan

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 237-245; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27893 - 22 Jun 2008

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Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of pleural effusion (PE). However, the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy still remains difficult. Since M. tuberculosis isolation rates in tuberculous effusions are relatively low the histological and microbiological studies of pleural biopsy samples are [...] Read more.

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of pleural effusion (PE). However, the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy still remains difficult. Since M. tuberculosis isolation rates in tuberculous effusions are relatively low the histological and microbiological studies of pleural biopsy samples are usually required to confirm the diagnosis. Several biological markers have been proposed to enhance the effectiveness of diagnosing patients with tuberculous pleurisy. The study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid IFN-γ concentration in differentiation between tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and non-tuberculous pleural effusion (nTPE). Material and methods: 94 patients (50 M and 44 F, mean age 59 ± 18, range 18–95 years) with PE were studied. All subjects underwent diagnostic thoracenthesis and extensive laboratory pleural fluid evaluation. Tuberculous pleural effusion was diagnosed in: (1) patients with positive pleural fluid or pleural biopsy culture and (2) patients with granulomas in the pleural biopsy specimen, after exclusion of other granulomatous diseases. IFN-γ level in pleural fluid was measured with commercially available immunoenzymatic assay (Quantikine Human IFN-γ Immunoassay, R&D Systems, USA). Results: Tuberculous pleural effusion was diagnosed in 28 pts. The non-tuberculous pleural effusion group consisted of 66 pts, including 35 with malignant PE, 20 with parapneumonic effusion or pleural empyema, 5 with pleural transudates due to heart failure, and 6 with miscellaneous causes of PE. The mean concentration of IFN-γ was significantly higher in TPE than in nTPE (614.1 ± 324.5 vs. 15.1 ± 36.0 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). At the cut-off value of 100 pg/ml the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 100% and 98.5% respectively. Conclusions: The pleural fluid concentration of IFN-γ was found to be highly sensitive and specific marker of tuberculous pleurisy. Full article

230 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration as a Diagnostic Tool for Lung Cancer and Sarcoidosis

by Artur Szlubowski, Jarosław Kużdżał, Juliusz Pankowski, Anna Obrochta, Jerzy Soja, Jolanta Hauer, Marcin Kołodziej and Marcin Zieliński

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 229-236; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27892 - 22 Jun 2008

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 270

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic yield of ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in mediastinal or hilar adenopathy in: (1) staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (97); (2) other malignant neoplasms including: small cell lung cancer (SCLC), [...] Read more.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic yield of ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in mediastinal or hilar adenopathy in: (1) staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (97); (2) other malignant neoplasms including: small cell lung cancer (SCLC), metastatic neoplasms and Hodgkin’s disease (16); (3) NSCLC recurrence (7); (4) sarcoidosis and other non-malignant diseases (29). Material and methods: Real time EBUS-TBNA was performed under local anaesthesia and sedation in 149 consecutive patients—237 biopsies in groups of lymph nodes: subcarinal (7)—107, all paratracheal (2R, 2L, 4R, 4L)—86, hilar (10R, 10L)—41 and interlobar (11R, 11L)—3. A mean axis of punctured node was 15 mm (range: 7–42 mm). All negative results were verified by transcervical extended bilateral mediastinal lymphadenectomy (TEMLA), mediastinoscopy or thoracotomy. Results: Lymph node biopsy was technically successful in 92% and was diagnostic in 55% of lung cancer patients and in 85.7% of sarcoidosis patients. In NSCLC staging sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA was 88.7%, specificity 100%, accuracy 92.8% and NPV 83.3% (89.7%, 100%, 94.9% and 90.9% per biopsy), and in the whole group it was 91.5%, 98.7%, 94.6% and 87.3% respectively. In 7.2% of NSCLC staging patients with false negative results of EBUS-TBNA (mainly subcarinal) there was observed partial involvement of metastatic lymph nodes, mean 34.3% (range 10–50%), confirmed by TEMLA. Conclusions: The diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA is very high in lung cancer, NSCLC staging and sarcoidosis. Full article

227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Protein C System in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis—Preliminary Report

by Anna Kiziewicz, Ewa Żekanowska, Krzysztof Cieśliński and Krzysztof Góralczyk

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 225-228; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27891 - 22 Jun 2008

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 276

Abstract

Introduction: The natural anticoagulant—activated protein C system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of protein C (PC), protein S (PS), thrombomodulin (TM), selectin E (sSelE), and thrombin–antithrombin complex [...] Read more.

Introduction: The natural anticoagulant—activated protein C system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of protein C (PC), protein S (PS), thrombomodulin (TM), selectin E (sSelE), and thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Material and methods: Study grup consisted of 11 patients aged 51.5 ± 8.62 years with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 20 healthy adults as control. Concentration of PC, PS TM, sSelE and TAT in plasma with ELISA method was assessed. Results: We observed significantly lower plasma concentration of PC (98.24 ± 16.17% vs. 130.59 ± 19.03%), PS (71.31 ± ± 12.95% vs. 93.47 ± 18.63%), TM (2.67 ± 0.40 ng/ml vs. 3.99 ± 1.16 ng/ml) and significantly higher level of TAT complex (Me = 4.00 mg/ml vs. 2.20 mg/ml) and sSelE (Me = 36.40 ng/ml vs. 22.84 ng/ml) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as compared to controls. Conclusions: In presented pilot study we observed decreased activity of protein C system and increased thrombin generation in peripheral blood of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Full article

125 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Czy i Jak Poszukiwać Wrodzonego Niedoboru alfa-1-Antytrypsyny u Chorych z Obturacją Oskrzeli?

by Paweł Kuca

Adv. Respir. Med. 2008, 76(4), 223-224; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27885 - 22 Jun 2008

Viewed by 252

Abstract

W bieżącym numerze “Pneumonologii i Alergologii Polskiej” opublikowano artykuł poglądowy Struniawskiego i wsp [...] Full article

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Adv. Respir. Med., Volume 76, Issue 4 (June 2008) – 13 articles , Pages 223-309

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