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Clin. Transl. Neurosci., Volume 6, Issue 4 (December 2022) – 4 articles

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17 pages, 1018 KiB  
Review
Saudi Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Multiple Sclerosis: Disease-Modifying Therapies and Management of Relapses
by Yaser M. Al Malik, Ibtisam A. Al Thubaiti, Maha A. AlAmmari, Norah Al Fugham, Eman N. Ali, Dema A. Alissa, Salman A. Aljarallah, Ahmed H. Al-Jedai, Maeed A. AlKathiri, Mona M. AlKhawajah, Mousa A. Almejally, Hajer Y. Al-Mudaiheem, Hessa S. Al Otaibi, Ghadah H. AlTowaijri, Rumaiza H. Al Yafeai, Mohammed A. Babakkor, Saeed A. Bohlega, Reem F. Bunyan, Edward J. Cupler, Mohammed Hakami, Abid M. Kareem, Amr M. Khardaly, Seraj Makkawi, Leena H. Saeed, Jameelah A. Saeedi, Eslam Shosha and Mohammad A. Al Jumahadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2022, 6(4), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn6040027 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3512
Abstract
For the past 10 years, disease-modifying therapy (DMT) options for multiple sclerosis (MS) have grown remarkably where DMTs have been shown to reduce the risk of MS relapses. MS patients are advised to begin treatment with a DMT shortly after diagnosis to limit [...] Read more.
For the past 10 years, disease-modifying therapy (DMT) options for multiple sclerosis (MS) have grown remarkably where DMTs have been shown to reduce the risk of MS relapses. MS patients are advised to begin treatment with a DMT shortly after diagnosis to limit the possibility of disease progression over time. While patients with radiologically isolated syndrome do not require pharmacologic treatment, high-risk patients with clinically isolated syndrome are advised to start DMTs. This article provides evidence-based recommendations for DMT use in MS management, helping healthcare practitioners advise patients on treatment decisions. We aim to provide recommendations for the management of acute MS relapses. The recommendations herein were developed following the gathering of a panel of experts after evaluating international guidelines, and the latest evidence was collected through a comprehensive literature review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Neurosurgery)
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21 pages, 4046 KiB  
Article
Toward Affirmation of Recovery of Deeply Embedded Autobiographical Memory with Background Music and Identification of an EEG Biomarker in Combination with EDA Signal Using Wearable Sensors
by Rupak Kumar Das, Nabiha Zainab Imtiaz and Arshia Khan
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2022, 6(4), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn6040026 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1673
Abstract
There is no disputing the role that background music plays in memory recall. Music has the power to activate the brain and trigger deeply ingrained memories. For dementia patients, background music is a common therapy because of this. Previous studies used music to [...] Read more.
There is no disputing the role that background music plays in memory recall. Music has the power to activate the brain and trigger deeply ingrained memories. For dementia patients, background music is a common therapy because of this. Previous studies used music to recall lyrics, series of words, and long- and short-term memories. In this research, electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrodermal activity (EDA) data are collected from 40 healthy participants using wearable sensors during nine music sessions (three happy, three sad, and three neutral). A post-study survey is given to all participants after each piece of music to know if they recalled any autobiographical memories. The main objective is to find an EEG biomarker using the collected qualitative and quantitative data for autobiographical memory recall. The study finds that for all four EEG channels, alpha power rises considerably (on average 16.2%) during the memory “recall” scenario (F3: p = 0.0066, F7: p = 0.0386, F4: p = 0.0023, and F8: p = 0.0288) compared to the “no-recall” situation. Beta power also increased significantly for two channels (F3: p = 0.0100 and F4: p = 0.0210) but not for others (F7: p = 0.6792 and F8: p = 0.0814). Additionally, the phasic standard deviation (p = 0.0260), phasic max (p = 0.0011), phasic energy (p = 0.0478), tonic min (p = 0.0092), tonic standard deviation (p = 0.0171), and phasic energy (p = 0.0478) are significantly different for the EDA signal. The authors conclude by interpreting increased alpha power (8–12 Hz) as a biomarker for autobiographical memory recall. Full article
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8 pages, 5496 KiB  
Case Report
The ATP1A2 Mutation Associated with Hemiplegic Migraines: Case Report and Literature Review
by Changyue Liu and Wei Yue
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2022, 6(4), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn6040025 - 23 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1608
Abstract
Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 is a premonitory subtype of migraine caused by an ATP1A2 gene mutation. It is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. Here, we report a 51-year-old woman who had a migraine attack due to a pathogenic ATP1A2 gene mutation. With [...] Read more.
Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 is a premonitory subtype of migraine caused by an ATP1A2 gene mutation. It is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. Here, we report a 51-year-old woman who had a migraine attack due to a pathogenic ATP1A2 gene mutation. With frequent attacks, the patient developed complete left hemiplegia, a confusion of consciousness and partial seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive angiogenic edema in the right cerebral hemisphere. In this article, we review the latest literature and try to explain the above symptoms in our patient with cortical spreading depression (CSD) and ATP1A2 gene mutations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Headache)
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20 pages, 1377 KiB  
Article
Adaptation of the Aphasia Impact Questionnaire-21 into Greek: A Reliability and Validity Study
by Marina Charalambous, Phivos Phylactou, Alexia Kountouri, Marios Serafeim, Loukia Psychogios, Jean-Marie Annoni and Maria Kambanaros
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2022, 6(4), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn6040024 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3337
Abstract
The impact of aphasia on the everyday life of Greek-speaking people with aphasia (PWA) is often underestimated by rehabilitation clinicians. This study explores the adaptation and psychometric properties of the Greek (GR) version of The Aphasia Impact Questionnaire-21 (AIQ-21-GR) to address this issue. [...] Read more.
The impact of aphasia on the everyday life of Greek-speaking people with aphasia (PWA) is often underestimated by rehabilitation clinicians. This study explores the adaptation and psychometric properties of the Greek (GR) version of The Aphasia Impact Questionnaire-21 (AIQ-21-GR) to address this issue. The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of the Greek version of the AIQ-21. The AIQ-21-GR was administered to 69 stroke survivors, 47 with aphasia and 22 without aphasia. The data were analyzed to determine reliability and validity. Content validity was based on the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments guidelines. The AIQ-21-GR shows high levels of reliability and validity. The results confirmed high scores of internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.91) and indicated good known—groups validity (Mann–Whitney U = 202, p < 001). Content validity achieved high scores with an overall median score of 4 [Q25 = 4, Q75 = 5]. The psychometric properties of the AIQ-21-GR support the reliability and validity of the tool for investigating the impact of aphasia on the quality of life of Greek-speaking PWA. The AIQ-21-GR can be used for setting functional goals in collaboration with PWA and as a patient reported outcome measure for functional communication training. Full article
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