Digitalization in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of the Literature †
1
Department of Management Information Systems, School of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Kazlıçeşme Campus, Istanbul Topkapı University, 34087 Istanbul, Turkey
2
Department of Data Analytics, Graduate School of Education, Mahmutbey Campus, Altınbaş University, 34217 Istanbul, Turkey
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, The College of Engineering, Australian University, West Mishref 40005, Kuwait
4
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kavacık Campus, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
5
Department of Management, College of Business, Australian University, West Mishref 40005, Kuwait
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Digital Transformation in Business: Challenges and New Opportunities, West Mishref, Kuwait, 17 November 2022.
Proceedings 2023, 85(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023085026
Published: 20 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Scientific Conference on Digital Transformation in Business: Challenges and New Opportunities)
Abstract
:With agile changes in many sectors, technology comes to the focus of our lives and helps us to take more solid steps. Concepts such as e-commerce, e-health, and data mining have come to the fore. The effects of technological advances, which have begun to integrate into health services, such as increasing work efficiency, service quality, and creating a safe service environment have been determined. In this review study, various digitalization studies carried out in the field of health between 2012–2022 were examined and summarized.
1. Objectives
With the developments in technology, different opportunities have arisen for sectors to develop themselves and increase their quality. The digital transformation has also led to significant changes in the field of healthcare, such as more time allocated to patients, higher quality healthcare, higher patient safety, and more significant capabilities in healthcare [1,2]. Through this literature review, our aim is to understand the current trends and methods regarding digitalization in healthcare.
2. Methodology
We followed the systematic literature review methodology for this study. Along with this literature review, it is expected to provide a concise summary of the studies on digitalization in healthcare. Databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct, were included in this review. While reviewing articles, the scope was narrowed down with keywords based on different perspectives and methods in relation to relevant topics. A systematic literature review was carried out between 2012 and 2022.
3. Results
In this systematic review, the articles published in the specified time period were included and examined. Considering their focus and the methodology used in relevant research, we presented and summarized the studies in the literature in two groups: (1) Digitalization in Healthcare (DiH) and (2) Digitalization Maturity Models (DMM) in healthcare. Our study resulted in 29 studies, of which 12 were in the first group and the other 17 were included in the second group.
4. Implications
Our systematic review has revealed that studies in DiH focused on standardization of patient care, prevention of medical errors, a better diagnosis process, higher patient safety, the digital readiness of healthcare workers, and the quality of healthcare in general. DMM research, on the other hand, has focused on four main areas: (1) Clinical Decision Support Systems; (2) Level of Health Information Technologies; (3) Digitalized Healthcare Process Management; and (4) Digital Healthcare Innovation Models [3,4,5,6,7].
5. Originality Value
Our study is one of the pioneering studies that systematically explore and summarize the literature on the digitalization of healthcare. Healthcare cannot ignore the data science perspective anymore. The digitalization of the healthcare environment has been in a state of continuous progression. Healthcare providers should be provided with the required digital infrastructure and intelligent applications. That is why our study provides a valuable output to better understand current trends and techniques.
6. Contribution
Similarly, to almost every sector, digitalization in healthcare has been improving very fast. However, health is a complex phenomenon, and thus data quality, security, reliability, and ethical considerations must be taken into consideration in the process. Hence, our study provided a concise summary that shows recent trends, different methodologies, and important challenges. Those trends and challenges might shed light for policymakers and healthcare managers in terms of health technology assessment.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization, H.T. and A.E.; methodology, E.D. and L.Ö.P.; resources, E.D. and L.Ö.P.; writing—original draft preparation, E.D. and L.Ö.P.; review and editing, K.A.J.; supervision, H.T. and A.E. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
- Barnes, B.; Daim, T. Information security maturity model for healthcare organizations in the United States. IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag. 2022. early access. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Carvalho, J.V.; Rocha, Á.; van de Wetering, R.; Abreu, A. A maturity model for hospital information systems. J. Bus. Res. 2019, 94, 388–399. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guédria, W.; Bouzid, H.; Bosh, G.; Naudet, Y.; Chen, D. eHealth interoperability evaluation using a maturity model. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 2012, 180, 333–337. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liaw, S.T.; Zhou, R.; Ansari, S.; Gao, J. A digital health profile & maturity assessment toolkit: Cocreation and testing in the Pacific Islands. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 2021, 28, 494–503. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Shaygan, A.; Daim, T. Technology management maturity assessment model in healthcare research centers. Technovation 2021, 120, 102444. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, Y.; Canales, J.I. Never the twain shall meet? Knowledge strategies for digitalization in healthcare. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 2021, 170, 120923. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhila, N.; Mohammad, A.; Kamran, S.; Masoumeh, N.G.; Madineh, K. A comprehensive presentation of Iran’s human resources for health information systems: A mixed-method case study. Health Policy Technol. 2022, 11, 100637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Delice, E.; Polatlı, L.Ö.; Jbara, K.A.; Tozan, H.; Ertürk, A. Digitalization in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Proceedings 2023, 85, 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023085026
AMA Style
Delice E, Polatlı LÖ, Jbara KA, Tozan H, Ertürk A. Digitalization in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Proceedings. 2023; 85(1):26. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023085026
Chicago/Turabian StyleDelice, Elif, Lütviye Özge Polatlı, Khaled Abu Jbara, Hakan Tozan, and Alper Ertürk. 2023. "Digitalization in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of the Literature" Proceedings 85, no. 1: 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023085026
