Genealogy

10 pages, 1720 KiB

Open AccessArticle

King Béla III of the Árpád Dynasty and Byzantium—Genealogical Approach

by Klára Berzeviczy and Gyula Pályi

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040093 - 15 Dec 2022

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Béla III from the Árpád dynasty, who later became the King of Hungary and Croatia, was previously the heir to the Byzantine Imperial Throne. Some genealogical aspects of this unusual individual are collected in the present study. Possible archaeogenetic relevance is also discussed. [...] Read more.

Béla III from the Árpád dynasty, who later became the King of Hungary and Croatia, was previously the heir to the Byzantine Imperial Throne. Some genealogical aspects of this unusual individual are collected in the present study. Possible archaeogenetic relevance is also discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Researching Families: The Challenges of Evidence, Documentation, and Methodology in Family History and Genealogical Studies)

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12 pages, 264 KiB

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De-Identifying the Distressed in the Transgender Community Related to Their Identity Formation and Discrimination in India

by Bandana Meher and Arun Kumar Acharya

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040092 - 02 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3200

Abstract

Transgender people in India hold a dualistic perspective on their identity. In one way, they are considered a disgraceful entity in society and, at the same time, they resemble the “Ardhanareswar” version of the Hindu God Shiva (Ardhanareswar version of Shiva: among Shiv’s [...] Read more.

Transgender people in India hold a dualistic perspective on their identity. In one way, they are considered a disgraceful entity in society and, at the same time, they resemble the “Ardhanareswar” version of the Hindu God Shiva (Ardhanareswar version of Shiva: among Shiv’s many avatars, Ardhanareswar is the only one in which the god embodied both genders in a single amalgamation. That represented both the male and female gender). Also, they have been referred to as derogatory names, which are often used as slang for men who are “not man enough” and more resemble femininity. In the case of the trans women community, they are caught up in the binary status of gender, which completely ignores the third gender, and hence suffer along with the secondary status of womanhood in Indian society. In this perspective, there was and is gradual exclusion and discrimination against the trans women community. Gender identity and available occupational choice influence their occupational decision making. In this regard, the present study tries to explore the identity formation and discrimination faced by the transgender community in Sambalpur, Western Odisha. Furthermore, it tries to understand the construction of their identity through the theory of Othering. It also strives to look at the impact of discrimination on their personal, social, and health prospects in the community and evaluate the impact of the schemes implemented for them. The study is conducted among 45 trans women in the Sambalpur city in Western Odisha. Based on its prejudices, Indian society continues to create transgender identity. To give them proper recognition, government scheme assistance is insufficient at times, and people’s mindsets must be changed. Full article

18 pages, 313 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“I Just Want to Exist as Me”: Reflexivity and Our Duoethnographic Journey to Understanding the Self as Asian American and Asian Critical Scholars

by Chadrhyn Arevalo Agpalo Pedraza and Chan Jeong Park

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040091 - 01 Dec 2022

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Abstract

Critical research, such as that involving the deconstruction of monoracialism, aims to empower and elevate the voices of marginalized populations. When we engage in critical research, whether it be quantitative or qualitative, scholars must recognize how our own lived experiences might shape each [...] Read more.

Critical research, such as that involving the deconstruction of monoracialism, aims to empower and elevate the voices of marginalized populations. When we engage in critical research, whether it be quantitative or qualitative, scholars must recognize how our own lived experiences might shape each stage of the research process. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we present scholars with a structured method using a conceptual mapping of social identities combined with written reflection and regularly scheduled debriefings to begin their own explorations of identity. Second, we present our experiences negotiating with monoracialism as we worked to understand our identities as Asian scholars. Through this process we discovered new perspectives on how we, along with our participants, have grappled with socially imposed notions of who we are as Asians. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Who Are We Really? Genealogical Deconstructions of Monoracialism through Mixed and Contested Racial Identities)

11 pages, 719 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Waimānalo Pono Research: Indigenizing Community-Engaged Research with a Native Hawaiian Community

by Jane J. Chung-Do, Samantha Keaulana Scott, Ilima Ho-Lastimosa, Kirk Deitschman, J. Kahau Vegas, LeShay Keli‘iholokai, Ikaika Rogerson, Theodore Radovich, Kenneth Ho, Jr., A. Hiʻipoi Ho and Mapuana C. K. Antonio

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040090 - 28 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2026

Abstract

Native Hawaiians, or Kānaka Maoli, the first people to arrive and settle on the Hawaiian Islands, developed an ecologically sustainable food system that sustained the health of up to a million people on the islands. Colonization disrupted this system as well as the [...] Read more.

Native Hawaiians, or Kānaka Maoli, the first people to arrive and settle on the Hawaiian Islands, developed an ecologically sustainable food system that sustained the health of up to a million people on the islands. Colonization disrupted this system as well as the healthy lifestyle and cultural practices of the Indigenous people of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Today, Native Hawaiians face pervasive health and social inequities. To build research processes that can meaningfully and sustainably address these inequities, the Waimānalo Pono Research Hui was borne from the vision and priorities of community leaders and members of Waimānalo. Using qualitative data from the annual survey conducted with Waimānalo Pono Research Hui members, the purpose of this study is to illustrate how community engagement and community-based participatory research has been operationalized within a Native Hawaiian community to yield meaningful research. Five themes emerged from the analysis related to the ʻāina (land), pilina (relationships), consent, equitable resources, and data sovereignty. These findings demonstrate the importance of imagining, creating, and implementing research processes that are shaped by community voices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community-Engaged Indigenous Research across the Globe)

17 pages, 287 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Race and Racism in Bermuda

by Bayyinah S. Jeffries

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040089 - 21 Nov 2022

Viewed by 6107

Abstract

The legacy of chattel slavery persists in the lives of Black people all over the world. The current state of race relations in Bermuda is shaped by the underlying features of European domination and imperialism that gave birth to chattel slavery. The current [...] Read more.

The legacy of chattel slavery persists in the lives of Black people all over the world. The current state of race relations in Bermuda is shaped by the underlying features of European domination and imperialism that gave birth to chattel slavery. The current racial climate in Bermuda is an example of the long-term impact of chattel slavery and the system of controls that followed. The damaging consequences of these systems of exploitation and oppression continue to shape the life chances and opportunities of Black people. Racial ideas, attitudes, and behaviors influence contemporary race relations between Black and White people throughout the African Diaspora, including Bermuda, which is the focus of this essay. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Why Race Matters: The Legacies and Presentation of Race Relations in American History)

20 pages, 1743 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Clans, Families and Kinship Structures in Scotland—An Essay

by Bruce Durie

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040088 - 09 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6093

Abstract

Anyone who has visited a Scottish Games or Gathering in North America will be struck by the number of Clan societies occupying tents around the Games ground and participating in a “Parade of Tartans”. Yet, a substantial number of these do not represent [...] Read more.

Anyone who has visited a Scottish Games or Gathering in North America will be struck by the number of Clan societies occupying tents around the Games ground and participating in a “Parade of Tartans”. Yet, a substantial number of these do not represent Highlands or Borders Clans, but are really descendants of Lowland Families. The “Clan” appellation has been applied wrongly to all of Scotland, as though this were the universal or at least the dominant form of social/kinship organization. The cultural appendages of that—kilts, tartans and Gaelic language—are considered uniformly Scottish. In reality, the clan system was a minority social structure in Scotland. The uncritical adoption of the term “Clan” ignores and minimizes the larger and more important Lowland Family structure. The nature of these two structures—Clan and Family—are compared and contrasted, and a case made for greater recognition of the Lowland Family as the pre-eminent form of social structure in Scotland. This has implications for, inter alia, genealogy, Scottish cultural and language studies, ethnicity and Y-DNA testing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinship and Family as a Category of Analysis)

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19 pages, 334 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Divided Loyalties: Negotiating Marital Separation in the Cavendish-Talbot Family c.1575–90

by Maria Cannon

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040087 - 21 Oct 2022

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Abstract

Bringing together two areas of scholarship on family history—separation and blended families—this article adds a new perspective to our understanding of how kin networks in early modern England were maintained, and on the factors that influenced the ongoing processes of negotiating them. The [...] Read more.

Bringing together two areas of scholarship on family history—separation and blended families—this article adds a new perspective to our understanding of how kin networks in early modern England were maintained, and on the factors that influenced the ongoing processes of negotiating them. The extensive correspondence of Bess of Hardwick and her children and step-children enables an investigation into what happened when a couple at the centre of a blended family network separated. Despite their unique political circumstances, the Cavendish-Talbot family offer a useful case study to understand some of the factors shaping the lives of separated wives in early modern England. For elite families the success of the house and dynasty could be jeopardized by the breakdown of a marriage, and never more so than if the family was a blended one. While Bess’s relationships with and support for her children caused problems with her husband, their invaluable support indicates further strategies that were available to separated wives. Bess’s children advocated for her at court, supported her in legal suits and actively negotiated between their parents. The Cavendish-Talbot family relationships were complex and loyalties did not necessarily follow expected patterns. However, in their complexity, and through the large number of letters surviving between the family, they offer a unique opportunity to consider the role of family members for separated wives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separated and Divorced Wives in the Early Modern World)

21 pages, 330 KiB

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Criminalized Intimacies between POWs and ‘Unworthy War Wives’ and Their Soldier-Husbands’ Responses to Racial, Sexual Wartime Justice in Nazi Germany

by Vandana Joshi

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040086 - 18 Oct 2022

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Abstract

The article places itself in the burgeoning literature on fraternization between POWs and local women during the twentieth century world wars. Though fraternization with the enemy was considered undesirable by all warring nations, incarcerating women for prolonged periods and suspending their citizenship for [...] Read more.

The article places itself in the burgeoning literature on fraternization between POWs and local women during the twentieth century world wars. Though fraternization with the enemy was considered undesirable by all warring nations, incarcerating women for prolonged periods and suspending their citizenship for even longer was a hallmark of the Nazi system of (in)justice. War wives came in for harsher treatment as double traitors: to the nation and their soldier-husbands. The author has selected a few love triangles from a large cache of Gestapo reports; regional, local and ‘Special Court’ trials; and soldier-husbands’ clemency appeals for a qualitative analysis. Her interrogation of the archival sources from a people’s perspective goes into hitherto unexplored emotions, subjectivities and experiences of the affected people and deliniates how they appropriated, negotiated, rejected and defied the penal code in their own ways through a display of willful conduct. The interiority of their experience is juxtaposed with the discourse analysis of honor and shame surrounding criminalized intimacies to expose the gap between wartime discourse and social practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Race, Place and Justice)

11 pages, 234 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Representations of Light in Western Culture

by Bina Nir

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040085 - 17 Oct 2022

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Abstract

In physical terms, light is a wave radiating from an energy source, yet different cultures in different periods have also attributed metaphysical properties to light that are outside of nature. Even in today’s secular discourse, we often resort to using imagery of light [...] Read more.

In physical terms, light is a wave radiating from an energy source, yet different cultures in different periods have also attributed metaphysical properties to light that are outside of nature. Even in today’s secular discourse, we often resort to using imagery of light to symbolise a variety of virtues, whereas ‘New Age’ discourse raises light to a renewed metaphysical status. In this article, we will use the genealogical method to examine the origins of the popular Western conception of light as representative of knowledge, goodness, wisdom and sanctity by looking at the great myths and the foundational texts of Western culture. This understanding of light is a deep structure, originating in religion, that persists in secular culture: from ancient Near Eastern mythologies, to Plato’s parable of the cave, to the Judeo-Christian narrative and the Enlightenment and culminating in the role of light in New Age culture. Full article

12 pages, 229 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Genealogy of Obedience in the Biblical Sources of Jewish Culture

by Bina Nir

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040084 - 10 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1613

Abstract

In the past two years, against the backdrop of the Covid-19 epidemic, civil disobedience has been on the rise in Israeli society. While civil disobedience preserves the boundaries of discourse and democracy, it also poses a real danger to the existence of society. [...] Read more.

In the past two years, against the backdrop of the Covid-19 epidemic, civil disobedience has been on the rise in Israeli society. While civil disobedience preserves the boundaries of discourse and democracy, it also poses a real danger to the existence of society. Attitudes toward civil disobedience reflect the core values of a particular culture. Thus, attitudes toward obedience or disobedience in Israeli society must be examined with respect to the religious roots of Jewish culture. This article examines attitudes towards the issue of obedience in the formative texts of Jewish culture. Revealing the religious past of the culture enables a re-evaluation of values and stances. To understand the sources of the values relevant to obedience in Israeli society today, I will analyze religious texts using the genealogical method. The subject area of genealogy is the past, yet its purpose is to understand and critique contemporary reality. The main finding is that obedience and disobedience do not appear to be in a dialectical relationship in today’s society. Despite the fact that controversy is welcome and prevalent in Judaism, obedience and disobedience do not manifest as contentious or as two sides of a single issue. Full article

13 pages, 313 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Migratory Pathways of Labourers and Legislation: From Érin to Aotearoa

by Richard Shaw

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040083 - 10 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1419

Abstract

This article addresses the process and consequences of colonisation by studying the migration of both legislative frameworks and one person who helped give those structures material effect in Aotearoa New Zealand. It situates the story of my great-grandfather—who migrated from Ireland in 1874, [...] Read more.

This article addresses the process and consequences of colonisation by studying the migration of both legislative frameworks and one person who helped give those structures material effect in Aotearoa New Zealand. It situates the story of my great-grandfather—who migrated from Ireland in 1874, participated in te pāhua (the plunder) of Parihaka pā in 1881, and returned to Taranaki in 1893 to farmland taken from Māori—in the context of an institutional environment adapted from Irish antecedents to the particulars of Aotearoa. More specifically, I wish to (1) assess the extent to which statutory provision for the confiscation of Māori land and the establishment of the New Zealand Armed Constabulary was based on Irish templates; (2) connect those arrangements to the social and economic transformation my ancestor underwent; and (3) explore the significance of that historical legacy for descendants of my great-grandfather. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Critical Family History and Migration)

15 pages, 340 KiB

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Harm Received, Harm Caused: A Scottish Gael’s Journey to Becoming Pākehā

by Dani Pickering

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040082 - 09 Oct 2022

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Abstract

Beurla an donais. The language of the devil. This is how my great-great-great grandfather, Neil McLeod, described English in his native Gaelic as he grieved the loss of his wife Rebecca Henry in 1886. Even as he tried to distance himself socially [...] Read more.

Beurla an donais. The language of the devil. This is how my great-great-great grandfather, Neil McLeod, described English in his native Gaelic as he grieved the loss of his wife Rebecca Henry in 1886. Even as he tried to distance himself socially and linguistically from the Anglophone world, however, he had already long since been caught up in its colonial machinery. After being cleared from his ancestral homeland of Raasay, Scotland in 1864 and relocated to the colonial frontier in Aotearoa New Zealand, Neil went on to spend more than fifteen years in the New Zealand Armed Constabulary and its reconstituted form, the New Zealand Police Force, before being killed on the job in 1890. Drawing on critical family history literature, firsthand accounts from Neil’s personal diaries, other family accounts and additional historical research, this article retraces Neil’s assimilation into white New Zealand. By unsettling the “constitutive forgetting” by which Neil and his descendants forsook our connection to Raasay and the Scottish Gàidhealtachd to become Pākehā settlers, I explore a history prior to and concurrent with the colonisation of Aotearoa which accounts for multi-ethnic Pākehā origins, beyond the Anglo-Saxon, and enables a deeper understanding of how and why Gaels such as Neil participated in the British Empire. I conclude by considering how Neil’s story deepens our understanding of how the settler-colonial subject is produced by highlighting the occasionally fine but always distinct line between coloniser and colonised. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Critical Family History and Migration)

18 pages, 2613 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Genetic Interpretation of the Preface of The Genealogy of Morals

by William A. B. Parkhurst

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040081 - 29 Sep 2022

Viewed by 1528

Abstract

Traditional interpretations of Nietzsche’s The Genealogy of Morals (GM) argue that the work is a treatise on, or a straightforward account of, Nietzsche’s moral thinking. This is typically contrasted with what has become known as the postmodern reading, which holds that the core [...] Read more.

Traditional interpretations of Nietzsche’s The Genealogy of Morals (GM) argue that the work is a treatise on, or a straightforward account of, Nietzsche’s moral thinking. This is typically contrasted with what has become known as the postmodern reading, which holds that the core of GM is an attack on the very notion of the truth itself. These two interpretations are often taken to be non-coextensive and mutually exclusive. However, I argue, using a genetic form of argumentation that tracks the development of the text through archival evidence, that both are partially correct, since Nietzsche sees all fundamental problems hitherto as moral questions in service of the ascetic ideal and the will to truth. According to Nietzsche, all the hitherto fundamental questions of philosophy are not value-free but are deeply value-laden. To put this more precisely, Nietzsche rejects the fact-value distinction itself. Questions of morality are not separable from epistemology, questions of epistemology are not separable from morality, and both subjects have worked in service of the ascetic ideal. Further, I provide new evidence on the debate about the counter-ideal to the ascetic ideal. I claim that Amor Fati embodies that ideal. I argue for this using a section from the preface that was added but then removed. This section was removed because it gave away the conclusion of the work, that all fundamental problems, including questions of truth, are based on moral prejudices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genealogies of Nietzsche)

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12 pages, 289 KiB

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False Narratives: Illicit Practices in Colombian Transnational Adoption

by Susan F. Branco and Veronica Cloonan

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040080 - 28 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2613

Abstract

Evidence suggests Colombia’s transnational adoption program maintained systemic problematic practices, some of which were illicit in nature. Examples include child and birthmother trafficking, sale of children, and falsifying or omitting information in adoption documentation. Transnationally adopted Colombian adults encounter significant barriers to accessing [...] Read more.

Evidence suggests Colombia’s transnational adoption program maintained systemic problematic practices, some of which were illicit in nature. Examples include child and birthmother trafficking, sale of children, and falsifying or omitting information in adoption documentation. Transnationally adopted Colombian adults encounter significant barriers to accessing their right to know their origins and identity. Despite this, some adult Colombian adoptees are successful in searching for and engaging in birth family reunions. Our study conducted a secondary analysis of an original study on Colombian birth family reunion experiences. We asked the research question, “What discrepancies exist in Colombian transnational adoption narratives?” to perform a directed qualitative content analysis of 17 participant interviews. We found nearly half of our participants reported an illicit practice categorized as child for sale, birthmother trafficking, and abuse of process. Findings underscore the legacy and impact of harmful adoption practices on current adult Colombian transnational adoptees seeking their human right to identity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genealogical Communities: Multi-Ethnic, Multi-Racial, and Multi-National Genealogies)

13 pages, 232 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Involuntary Separations: Catholic Wives, Imprisoned Husbands, and State Authority

by Susan M. Cogan

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040079 - 26 Sep 2022

Viewed by 1488

Abstract

In the 1580s and 1590s, the English state required that all subjects of the crown attend the Protestant state church. Those who refused (called recusants) faced imprisonment as part of the government’s attempt to bring them into religious conformity. Those imprisonments forced involuntary [...] Read more.

In the 1580s and 1590s, the English state required that all subjects of the crown attend the Protestant state church. Those who refused (called recusants) faced imprisonment as part of the government’s attempt to bring them into religious conformity. Those imprisonments forced involuntary marital separation onto Catholic couples, the result of which was to disrupt traditional gender roles within Catholic households. Separated wives increasingly fulfilled the work their husbands performed in addition to their own responsibilities as the matriarch of a landed estate. Gentlewomen were practiced at estate business since they worked in partnership with their husbands, but a spouse’s imprisonment often meant that wives wrote more petitions and settled more legal and financial matters than they did when their husbands were at liberty. The state also imprisoned Catholic wives who undermined the religious conformity of their families and communities. Spousal imprisonment deprived couples of conjugal rights and spousal support and emphasized the state’s power to interfere in marital relationships in early modern England. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separated and Divorced Wives in the Early Modern World)

19 pages, 283 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Everyday Practices of Gender in the Serbian Community of Post-War South-East Kosovo

by Sanja Zlatanović

Genealogy 2022, 6(4), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6040078 - 23 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1684

Abstract

This article aims to explore the everyday practices of gender in the Serbian community of south-east Kosovo, in a post-war context marked by sudden and radical political and social changes that deeply altered everyday life after 1999 and the establishment of the UN [...] Read more.

This article aims to explore the everyday practices of gender in the Serbian community of south-east Kosovo, in a post-war context marked by sudden and radical political and social changes that deeply altered everyday life after 1999 and the establishment of the UN administration. As family and kinship ties are strongly expressed in the researched community, gender practices have been considered within that framework. This article is based on extensive multi-sited fieldwork conducted with members of the Serbian community in south-east Kosovo, and with displaced people from this region in several towns in Serbia. The field research focuses on everyday interactions and perspectives ‘from below’. The sudden and complex social and political changes that occurred after 1999 resulted in the transformation of the family structure and family roles, and thus to changes in gender practices. With the establishment of the international administration, influences linked to globalisation intensified. The migration of part of the community to Serbia, and the life of many of its members as ‘both here and there’, played an important role. Influences from Serbia, community guidance from the Serbian Orthodox Church, and changes in the ethnic and social landscape because of the war all combined to create opposing processes within the family. In family and gender relations, intensive, oppositional processes unfolded. These generated tensions within the community: the nuclearisation of the family and, for certain aspects, the liberalisation of relations in it and, at the same time, repatriarchalisation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Balkan Family in the 20th Century)

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Genealogy, Volume 6, Issue 4 (December 2022) – 16 articles

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