Figure 1.
Variational mode distribution (VMD) implementation process.
Figure 1.
Variational mode distribution (VMD) implementation process.
Figure 2.
Scale space representation process.
Figure 2.
Scale space representation process.
Figure 3.
Flow diagram of MVMD-MOMEDA-TEO method implementation.
Figure 3.
Flow diagram of MVMD-MOMEDA-TEO method implementation.
Figure 4.
Rolling bearing fault simulation experimental platform and experimental bearing. (a) Rolling bearing fault simulation experiment platform. (b) Deep groove rolling bearing.
Figure 4.
Rolling bearing fault simulation experimental platform and experimental bearing. (a) Rolling bearing fault simulation experiment platform. (b) Deep groove rolling bearing.
Figure 5.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 5.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 6.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 6.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 7.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 7.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 8.
Intrinsic mode function (IMF) effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 8.
Intrinsic mode function (IMF) effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 9.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 9.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 10.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 10.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 11.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 11.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 12.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 12.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 13.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 13.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 14.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 14.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 15.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 15.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 16.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 16.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 17.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 17.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 18.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 18.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 19.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 19.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 20.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 20.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 21.
Rolling bearing fault simulation experimental platform and experimental bearing. (a) Test bench. (b) Sensor layout.
Figure 21.
Rolling bearing fault simulation experimental platform and experimental bearing. (a) Test bench. (b) Sensor layout.
Figure 22.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 22.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 23.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 23.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 24.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 24.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 25.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 25.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 26.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 26.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 27.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 27.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 28.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 28.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 29.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 29.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 30.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 30.
Original normal signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 31.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 31.
Original fault signal time–frequency analysis. (a) Time domain analysis. (b) Frequency domain analysis.
Figure 32.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 32.
Scale spectrum segmentation boundary.
Figure 33.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 33.
IMF effective component time domain waveform.
Figure 34.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 34.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 35.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 35.
The signal processing by MOMEDA method. (a) Reconstruction signal x_new (t); (b) Periodic pulse signal x_cov(t).
Figure 36.
Teager energy spectrum.
Figure 36.
Teager energy spectrum.
Table 1.
Bearing basic parameters.
Table 1.
Bearing basic parameters.
Model | Rolling Element Number (Z) | Inner Diameter (inches) | Outer Diameter (inches) | Contact Angle (θ) | Rolling Element Diameter d (inches) | Pitch Circle Diameter D (inches) | Speed (rpm) |
---|
6205-2RSJEMSKF | 9 | 0.9843 | 2.0472 | 0° | 0.3126 | 1.537 | 1797 |
Table 2.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Table 2.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Decomposed Component | IMF1 | IMF2 | IMF3 | IMF4 | IMF5 | IMF6 | IMF7 | IMF8 | IMF9 | IMF10 |
---|
E(t) | / | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.16 | / | 0.01 |
Table 3.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Table 3.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Decomposed Component | IMF1 | IMF2 | IMF3 | IMF4 | IMF5 | IMF6 |
E(t) | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.21 |
Decomposed Component | IMF7 | IMF8 | IMF9 | IMF10 | IMF11 | |
E(t) | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |
Table 4.
Bearing basic parameters.
Table 4.
Bearing basic parameters.
Rolling Element Number (Z) | Contact Angle (θ) | Rolling Element Diameter d (mm) | Pitch Diameter D (mm) | Rotational Speed (rpm) |
---|
16 | 15.17° | 0.331 | 2.815 | 2000 |
Table 5.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Table 5.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Decomposed Component | IMF1 | IMF2 | IMF3 | IMF4 | IMF5 | IMF6 |
E(t) | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.33 |
Decomposed Component | IMF7 | IMF8 | IMF9 | IMF10 | IMF11 | IMF12 |
E(t) | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | / |
Table 6.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Table 6.
Energy ratio of each IMF component.
Decomposed Component | IMF1 | IMF2 | IMF3 | IMF4 | IMF5 | IMF6 |
E(t) | 0.38 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.07 |
Decomposed Component | IMF7 | IMF8 | IMF9 | IMF10 | IMF11 | IMF12 |
E(t) | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04 |